Determination of seedborne fungi and detection of aflatoxins in sudanese fenugreek seeds

El-Nagerabi, S. A. F.

doi:10.1007/bf02983971

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For isolation of the seedborne fungi, routine agar plate method which was suggested by many authors was adopted [39][40][41]. In this method, 400 seeds from each sample were surface disinfected in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min and washed with several changes of sterile distilled water.…”

Section: Isolation and Estimation Of Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Giberella fujikuroi was also reported as seedborne fungus [31], whereas other fungi were reported as foliar diseases such as Alternaria brassicae (Alternaria blight) [32], Peronospora parasitica (Downy meldews) and Albugo candida (white rust) [33], Plasmidio-phora brassicae (clubroot) [34], Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Golovinomyces orontii [35], Fusarium equiseti (leaf spot) [36]. In this study, many of the common saprophytic seedborne fungi [41] were reisolated from the seeds of E. sativa including Alternaria alternata, A. flavus, Cladosporium spp., Phoma sp., Penicillium spp., Stachybotrys botryosum and Ulocladium botrytis ( Table 1). No seedborne fungi were reported in/on the seeds of Petroselinum crispum.…”

Section: Solanum Melongena (Eggplant)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobiota Associated with Imported Seeds of Vegetable Crops in Sudan

Abdelwehab¹,

El-Nagerabi²,

Elshafie³

2014

TOMYCJ

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Seedborne fungi present on or inside the seed or as contaminant with the seed debris adversely affect seed viability, germination, emergence, plant growth vigour and eventually production and productivity. In the present study, seedborne fungi of 7 imported vegetables were examined. 29 species of fungi belonging to 23 genera were recovered from the seeds. Of these fungi, 6 species and one genus are new records to the mycoflora of Sudan, whereas different species are new to the micobiota of these vegetables. These include 15 species for Beta vulagris, Petroselinum crispum (14 species), Solanum melongena (12 species), Portulaca oleracea (8 species and 1 genus), Eruca sativa (5 species and 3 genera), Corchorus olitorius (2 species), and Cucumis sativa (1 species). The seeds were highly contaminated with saprophytic and pathogenic fungi (25-100%), which apparently inhibited seed germination (15-79%) and seedling emergence (12-75%) of these vegetables. The genus Aspergillus and Drechslera (4 species each) were the most prevalent genera followed by Alternaria, Curvularia, Fusarium, Pithomyces (2 species) and 1 species for the remaining genera (Aureobasidium, Beltrania, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Memnoniella, Microascus, Rhizopus, Sordaria, Stachybotrys, Stemphylium, Trichothecium, Ulocladium, and Wellernia). Therefore, there is urgent need for development of proper standard laboratory seed testing methods, fungal eradication measures, and adopting strong legislations and quarantine regulations. The use of certified and high grade seeds is a priority.

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Section: Isolation and Estimation Of Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solanum Melongena (Eggplant)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobiota Associated with Imported Seeds of Vegetable Crops in Sudan

Abdelwehab¹,

El-Nagerabi²,

Elshafie³

2014

TOMYCJ

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“…Species of Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Gliocladium, and Penicillium were common, and species of Penicillium were the most prevalent among seedborne fungal isolates (36%). There are some reports on a trial for investigating the incidence of seedborne fungi (El-Nagerabi and Elshafie 2001;Sinclair 1991;Valkonen and Koponen 1990). El-Nagerabi and Elshafie (2001) investigated the incidence of seedborne fungi in Sudanese lentil seeds: Aspergillus was the most prevalent genus, followed by the Rhizopus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Chaetomium, and Cladosporium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Screening of fungal antagonists against yellows of cabbage caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

et al. 2002

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Screening of fungal antagonists against yellows of cabbage caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans was carried out. We obtained 78 seed-borne fungal isolates from 20 kinds of vegetable roots. Fifty-five soilborne fungal isolates were obtained from the surface-sterilized roots of seven vegetables. Twelve isolates were from field soil using a baiting method. By in vitro and in vivo screening, two seedborne species of Penicillium (S-34) and P. citrinum (S-59), and four soilborne Epicoccum nigrum (TC-33), Fusarium solani (SS-6, CM02), and F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (F-9501) suppressed yellows of cabbage effectively. Reductions in disease incidence ranged from 28% to 63%.

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“…Saprophytic microorganisms can often be present on seed surfaces. To limit or eradicate them, the seeds can be surface sterilized if the pathogen to be detected is inside the seed (El-Nagerabi & Elshafie, 2000;Du Toit et al, 2005;Rodrigues & Menezes, 2005). Different surface disinfectants can be used for this, such as 0.5-1.0% sodium hypochlorite, which is the most common (Roy et al, 2000;Peres et al, 2002), 0.1% mercuric chloride (El-Nagerabi & Elshafie, 2000;Ora et al, 2011), or 10-90% ethanol (Vallad et al, 2005).…”

Section: Incubation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic methods for detecting fungal pathogens on vegetable seeds

2016

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Early diagnosis of seedborne fungal pathogens is particularly important, as often, infected seeds appear symptomless; seed diagnosis can avoid uncontrolled propagation of pathogens through long‐distance exchange of such material. This will prevent economic losses and unnecessary use of fungicides, so reducing costs and the introduction of toxic substances into the environment. Traditional techniques for detection of seedborne fungi are based on incubation and grow‐out methods. Although these are frequently used because of their simplicity of application, they are time‐consuming, require mycological skills, and are sometimes not sensitive enough to low levels of seed infection. Recently, new identification techniques, based on DNA analysis, have been applied and are very efficient due to high sensitivity and specificity. The most common technique is conventional PCR, while other recent techniques include nested PCR, to obviate low levels of target pathogens, multiplex PCR, to detect several pathogens simultaneously, real‐time PCR, to quantify fungi on seeds, and magnetic‐capture hybridization PCR. The main drawbacks of molecular methods are the inability to distinguish between vital and non‐vital inocula, and the difficulty in obtaining quality DNA template, due to PCR inhibitors in seeds. To reduce inhibitory effects, several modified PCR protocols, such as loop‐mediated isothermal amplification, and non‐destructive testing methods have been developed. Loop‐mediated isothermal amplification and next‐generation sequencing have been widely applied in nucleic acid analysis and, given the numerous advantages provided, their application can be substantially extended in the future for detection of fungal pathogens in seeds.

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Determination of seedborne fungi and detection of aflatoxins in sudanese fenugreek seeds

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Mycobiota Associated with Imported Seeds of Vegetable Crops in Sudan

Mycobiota Associated with Imported Seeds of Vegetable Crops in Sudan

Screening of fungal antagonists against yellows of cabbage caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans

Diagnostic methods for detecting fungal pathogens on vegetable seeds

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