Determination of sensitivity and specificity of breast tumor diagnosis by primary health care providers (Behvarz) using clinical examination by obstetrician as a gold standard

Naderi, Tayebeh; Bahrampoor, Abbas

doi:10.1046/j.1341-8076.2003.00082.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…According to the National Death Survey, the recorded mortality rate was 2.7 per 100,000 women population, and the burden in disability adjusted life years was 16,792 years in 2003 (5,6). There are many reports about locally advanced breast cancer in Iran (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Breast Cancer in Iran: A Challenge for Health Policy Makers

et al. 2008

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Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Breast Cancer in Iran: A Challenge for Health Policy Makers

et al. 2008

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“…In order to evaluate convergent and divergent validity of the WSID‐SF and DLSA, women were asked to complete the paper‐and‐pencil versions of selected patient‐reported questionnaires including FSFI, MSIQ, FSDS, Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) [20], and the Kellner Symptom Questionnaire (KSQ) [21]. These questionnaires were administered at both Visit 1 and Visit 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Women’s Sexual Interest Diagnostic Interview—Short Form (WSID-SF) and a Daily Log of Sexual Activities (DLSA) in Postmenopausal Women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Derogatis

Allgood²,

Auerbach³

et al. 2010

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Introduction Currently, there is no clear standard assessment tool for the diagnosis and daily monitoring of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in postmenopausal women. Aim The aim of the study was to validate (i) the Women’s Sexual Interest Diagnostic Interview—Short Form (WSID-SF) which is a structured tool to identify HSDD; and (ii) the Daily Log of Sexual Activities (DLSA) which is a diary to monitor daily HSDD status in postmenopausal women. Both assessments were collected as self-reports by an interactive voice response system (IVRS). Methods At the initial study visit, 629 postmenopausal women, age 39–66, were evaluated for HSDD by the WSID-SF. In addition, in a subgroup of 175 subjects at five study sites, HSDD was assessed by physicians who were blinded to the WSID-SF diagnosis. During the 58-day study period, patients completed the DLSA daily through self-reported IVRS. All women also completed the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Menopause Sexual Interest Questionnaire (MSIQ), Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Kellner Symptom Questionnaire (KSQ) at both the initial study visit and at the end of the study. The WSID-SF-based identifications were compared with clinical diagnoses made based on physicians’ clinical experience. Construct validity of the WSID-SF and DLSA were assessed based on comparisons with questionnaire results. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the DLSA were also evaluated. Main Outcome Measures Main outcome measures include the agreement between WSID-SF diagnosis and clinician diagnosis, convergent and divergent validity of the WSID-SF and DLSA, and reliability of the DLSA. Results Enrolled subjects were classified into HSDD (N = 468) and non-HSDD (N = 161) groups by WSID-SF. When compared with physician’s diagnosis, WSID-SF-based diagnosis had a specificity of 89% and a sensitivity of 70% (kappa = 0.46, P < 0.001). WSID-SF showed significant correlation with each domain of the FSFI, MSIQ, and FSDS (all P < 0.001). As anticipated, WSID-SF had low or nonsignificant correlations with all domains of the DAS and the KSQ. Four different algorithms were piloted to calculate DLSA scores. Data on the detailed analysis conducted to evaluate the four scoring strategies is on file (not presented in this article). Ultimately, the weekly DLSA total score calculated by algorithm #4 was selected to validate the DLSA. In the test–retest reliability evaluation, the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.80 for women with HSDD and 0.84 for women without HSDD (P < 0.001 for all analysis). In the known-group validity comparison, the weekly DLSA total score was significantly different (P < 0.001) among the HSDD and the no HSDD groups, with an effect size of 0.89–0.92 based on Cohen’s d. The DLSA also showed convergent validity with moderate to high correlations with each domain of the FSFI, MSIQ, and FSDS (P < 0.001 for all correlations). As anticipated, the DLSA had weak correlations with the DAS and KSQ demonstrating divergent validity. Conclusions The WSID-SF had good specificity and sensitivity (i.e., discriminative validity) in identifying HSDD in postmenopausal women. In addition, the DLSA is a reliable and valid patient-reported outcomes tool that can be utilized to assess effectiveness of treatments in postmenopausal women with HSDD. Further, the WSID-SF and DLSA both demonstrated good convergent and divergent validity.

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“…Several studies reported the involvement of multiple stakeholders, including ministry of health officials, breast cancer survivors, nurses and oncologists, 33 36 47 whereas others were led by one stakeholder, such as a nurse. 45 Trainings ranged from information dissemination models such as lectures 46 to interactive workshops with practical demonstrations using model breasts, 41 role-play exercises and case discussions. 36 The heterogeneity across these categories is perhaps reflective of the variability of locally available resources.…”

Section: How Are Chws Trained and Assessed For Early Detection Of Brementioning

confidence: 99%

Community health workers and early detection of breast cancer in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature

et al. 2020

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BackgroundBreast cancer is the leading cause of female mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Early detection of breast cancer, either through screening or early diagnosis initiatives, led by community health workers (CHWs) has been proposed as a potential way to address the unjustly high mortality rates. We therefore document: (1) where and how CHWs are currently deployed in this role; (2) how CHWs are trained, including the content, duration and outcomes of training; and (3) the evidence on costs associated with deploying CHWs in breast cancer early detection.MethodsWe conducted a systematic scoping review and searched eight major databases, as well as the grey literature. We included original studies focusing on the role of CHWs to assist in breast cancer early detection in a country defined as a LMIC according to the World Bank.Findings16 eligible studies were identified. Several roles were identified for CHWs including awareness raising and community education (n=13); history taking (n=7); performing clinical breast examination (n=9); making onward referrals (n=7); and assisting in patient navigation and follow-up (n=4). Details surrounding training programmes were poorly reported and no studies provided a formal cost analysis.ConclusionsDespite the relative paucity of studies addressing the role of CHWs in breast cancer early detection, as well as the heterogeneity of existing studies, evidence suggests that CHWs can play a number of important roles in breast cancer early detection initiatives in LMICs. However, if they are to realise their full potential, they must be appropriately supported within the wider health system.

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Determination of sensitivity and specificity of breast tumor diagnosis by primary health care providers (Behvarz) using clinical examination by obstetrician as a gold standard

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Screening for Breast Cancer in Iran: A Challenge for Health Policy Makers

Screening for Breast Cancer in Iran: A Challenge for Health Policy Makers

Validation of a Women’s Sexual Interest Diagnostic Interview—Short Form (WSID-SF) and a Daily Log of Sexual Activities (DLSA) in Postmenopausal Women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Community health workers and early detection of breast cancer in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature

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