Determination of skeletal muscle mass by aspartate aminotransferase / alanine aminotransferase ratio, insulin and FSH in Chinese women with sarcopenia

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle disorder that involves a loss of muscle mass or strength and physiological function. Skeletal muscle deteriorates in both quantity and quality. The endocrine system is an important regulator of muscle metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between biochemical markers and muscle mass in sarcopenia. Methods: We used the AWGS 2014 as the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, considering both the loss in muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. A total of 2837 elderly female participants over 50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were included. Insulin, glucose, 25(OH)VD, procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, prealbumin, albumin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, cortisol, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. Based on the findings of univariate analysis, multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established. Results: Participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower free triiodothyronine, insulin, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, albumin/prealbumin ratio (A/G), alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Compared with those without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had significantly higher free tetraiodothyronine, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT), and high-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Insulin (OR = 0.854), FSH (OR = 1.016), and the AST/ALT ratio (OR = 1.819) were independent risk factors for low muscle mass (P < 0.001). The AUC of insulin was the highest, followed by the AST/ALT ratio and FSH (0.691, 0.671, and 0.634, respectively), and the AUC of the mixture of the above three reached 0.736. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study of elderly Chinese females aged over 50 years from the WCHAT, FSH, insulin, and AST/ALT ratio were associated with sarcopenia and risk factors for low muscle mass.

Utilize multi-metabolic parameters as determinants for prediction of skeletal muscle mass quality in elderly type2 diabetic Chinese patients

“…In the study conducted by Merchant RA and colleagues, it was indicated that a lower BMI is associated with a higher risk of developing sarcopenia [ 18 ]. A previous study conducted on a Chinese female population aged over 50 also indicated that individuals with low muscle mass had lower BMI,ALT levels, consistent with our findings [ 19 ]. In a longitudinal cross-sectional study spanning three years in China, it was indicated that there is an association between fasting plasma C-peptide levels and the likelihood of sarcopenia [ 20 ].…”

“…In previous studies, patients with sarcopenia exhibited lower insulin levels [10,19]. In our study, considering the potential impact of insulin therapy on insulin levels, we innovatively utilized C-peptide as a research parameter, circumventing the influence of medication.…”

Utilize multi-metabolic parameters as determinants for prediction of skeletal muscle mass quality in elderly type2 diabetic Chinese patients

“…A previous study conducted on a Chinese female population aged over 50 also indicated that individuals with low muscle mass had lower BMI,ALT levels, consistent with our ndings. [20] Meanwhile, we posit that muscle mass is associated with pancreatic beta-cell secretion function .Compared with those without low muscle mass, those with low muscle mass had signi cantly higher female, Ever/current smoking, Ever/current drinking, FPG(P < 0.01), HbA1c(P < 0.05), and GA(P < 0.05) concentration (P < 0.001 for gender; P = 0.013 for Ever/current smoking; P = 0.005 for Ever/current drinking; P < 0.01 for FPG; P < 0.01 for HbA1c, GA). Some studies indicate a higher prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), [21,22] consistent with the ndings of the present study.…”

“…Additionally, insulin levels in both the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups were correlated with muscle mass. [20]In our study, considering the potential impact of insulin therapy on insulin levels, we innovatively utilized C-peptide as a research parameter, circumventing the in uence of medication. Our study also indicates lower C-peptide levels in patients with low muscle mass in T2DM.…”

Insights into Pathogenesis, Nutritional and Drug Approach in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review

“…Adipokines released by adipose tissue produce important modifications during aging and can affect muscle metabolism and physiology. Therewithal, catabolic hormones such as cortisol and angiotensin II can accelerate age-induced muscle atrophy as they are involved in muscle wasting, and their levels increase with age [9][10][11][12].…”