Determination of some antihistaminic drugs by atomic absorption spectrometry and colorimetric methods

El-Kousy, Naglaa; Bebawy, Lories I.

doi:10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00040-0

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…p-Chloranil has been used as chromogenic reagent for the determination of several drugs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline [26,27], paroxetine [27], salbutamol [28], nortriptyline [29], tranquillizers and antidepressants [30], trimetazidine dihydrochloride [31], b-adrenergic blockers [32], dicyclomine hydrochloride [33], omeprazole [34], isoprenaline and methyldopa [10]. These methods are based on the interaction between electrons donors (drugs) and p-chloranil, which acts as an electron acceptor producing intensely colored charge transfer complexes (Scheme 1) [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of methyldopa using p-chloranil in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of methyldopa in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the reaction between tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (p-chloranil) and methyldopa, accelerated by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), producing a violet-red compound (λmax = 535 nm) at ambient temperature (25.0 ± 0.2 0 C). Experimental design methodologies were used to optimize the measurement conditions. Beer's law is obeyed in a concentration range from 2.10 x 10 -4 to 2.48 x 10 -3 mol L -1 (r = 0.9997). The limit of detection was 7.55 x 10 -6 mol L -1 and the limit of quantification was 2.52 x 10 -5 mol L -1 . The intraday precision and interday precision were studied for 10 replicate analyses of 1.59 x 10 -3 mol L -1 methyldopa solution and the respective coefficients of variation were 0.7 and 1.1 %. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of methyldopa in commercial brands of pharmaceuticals. No interferences were observed from the common excipients in the formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were favorably compared with those given by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia procedure at 95 % confidence level.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of methyldopa using p-chloranil in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ketotifen is used to treat itching of the eyes caused by allergy to dust, pollen, animals and other allergens. For determination of ketotifen several methods such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry, 7,8) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 9) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 10) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) 11) has been used. The combination of microelectrode (ME) with squarewave voltammetry (SWV) has recently been shown advantageous for environmental detection of several compounds.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Continuous Square-Wave Potential Program for Sub Nano Molar Determination of Ketotifen

Daneshgar

Norouzi

2009

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

117Ketotifen fumarate [KTF; 10H-benzo(4,5)cyclohepta(1,2-b) thiophen-10-one, 4,9-dihydro-4-(1-methyl-4-piperidinylidene)-(E)-2-butenedioate] is a nonspecific, oral mast cell stabilizer. Its main biochemical pharmacological activities are H receptor antagonism, phosphodiesterase inhibition and inhibition of calcium flux in smooth muscle preparations.1) It is applied to prevent the development of allergic conjunctivitis 2,3) asthma 4,5) and even showed an anti-wrinkle effect. 6)Asthma is a substantial health problem among children and adults worldwide, with high and increasing prevalence rates in many countries. More than 7% of Iranian children (4 million) are suffering from asthma according to the first National Asthma Prevalence Study. Oral salbutamol, aminophylline and ketotifen have been commonly used for asthma management. Ketotifen is one of the rare drugs that has been extensively used and shown safe in children. Ketotifen is an antihistamine. Histamine can produce allergy symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. Ketotifen is used to treat itching of the eyes caused by allergy to dust, pollen, animals and other allergens. For determination of ketotifen several methods such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry, 7,8) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 9) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 10) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) 11) has been used. The combination of microelectrode (ME) with squarewave voltammetry (SWV) has recently been shown advantageous for environmental detection of several compounds.12)The adaptation of this technology to adsorptive stripping voltammetry (ASV) of ketotifen on a gold ME could provide a substantial improvement for rapid analysis. 13,14) This paper describes a fundamentally different approach to SWV measurement, in which the detection limits are improved, while preserving the information content of the SW voltammogram. The approach is designed to separate the voltammetric signal and background signal in frequency domain by using discrete fast Fourier transformation (FFT) method. Further improvement in the signal was gained by two-dimensional integration of the electrode response over a selected potential range and time window of the signal. Although at sufficiently high scan rates cyclic voltammetry (CV) can approximate an ac voltammetric technique and can be used to investigate electrode surface phenomena such as physical adsorption, FFT-SWV may be a more appropriate technique for monitoring analyte adsorption, since the potential dependence of analyte adsorption may be more clearly characterized. SWV measures the current response while rapid alternating potentials are applied during a staircase scan whereas cyclic voltammetry which uses a forward and reverse linear dc scan is not sensitive to the potential dependence of changes that occur in the double layer. ExperimentalReagents All solutions were prepared in double-distilled water using analytical-grade reagents. Reagents in use in preparation of the stock ...

show abstract

“…Among these methods are liquid chromatography (HPLC) [6][7][8][9][10][11], gas chromatography (GC) [12], electrochemical [13][14][15][16][17], and spectrophotometric methods (direct UV-, derivative-spectrophotometry, formation of ion-pair complexes, and charge transfer) [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Some Non-sedating Antihistamines via Their Native Fluorescence and Derivation of Some Quantitative Fluorescence Intensity - Structure Relationships

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A validated simple, novel, and rapid spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of some non-sedating antihistamines (NSAs); namely cetirizine (CTZ), ebastine (EBS), fexofenadine (FXD), and loratadine (LOR). The method is based on measuring the native fluorescence of the cited drugs after protonation in acidic media and studying their quantitative fluorescence intensity - structure relationships. There was a linear relationship between the relative fluorescence intensity and the concentration of the investigated drug. Under the optimal conditions, the linear ranges of calibration curves for the determination of the studied NSAs were 0.10-2.0, 0.20-6.0, and 0.02-1.0 [Formula: see text] for (CTZ, FXD), (EBS), and (LOR); respectively. The factors affecting the protonation of the studied drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The suggested method is applicable for the determination of the four investigated drugs in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms with excellent recoveries (97.67-103.80%). Quantitative relationships were found between the relative fluorescence intensities of the protonated drugs and their physicochemical parameters namely: the pKa, log P, connectivity indexes (χ(v)) and their squares. Regression equations (76) were obtained and not previously reported. Six of these equations were highly significant and used for the prediction of RFI of the studied NSAs.

show abstract

Determination of some antihistaminic drugs by atomic absorption spectrometry and colorimetric methods

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of methyldopa using p-chloranil in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of methyldopa using p-chloranil in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

Application of a Continuous Square-Wave Potential Program for Sub Nano Molar Determination of Ketotifen

Determination of Some Non-sedating Antihistamines via Their Native Fluorescence and Derivation of Some Quantitative Fluorescence Intensity - Structure Relationships

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About