Determination of some trace elements (Fe, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, and In) in different series of standard reference samples by neutron-activation analysis

Forensic glass analysis by ICP-MS: a multi-element assessment of discriminating power via analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons

“…Glass sample solutions were introduced via a microconcentric nebulizer (Model M2, CETAC Technologies Inc., Omaha, NE) fitted to a Scott-type, double pass, water cooled (10 uC) spray chamber. The ICP-MS conditions were as follows: forward power, 1350 W; reflected power, v 5 W; plasma gas flow rate, 14 L min 21 ; auxiliary gas flow rate, 0.8 L min 21 ; nebulizer gas flow rate, 0.77 mL min 21 ; and solution uptake rate, 0.1 mL min 21 . Data was acquired in the scanning mode, operating with a dwell time of 1.28 ms per channel, 24 channels per amu, and an acquisition time of 60 s. Three replicates were measured for each analysis.…”

“…For 8 elements, two isotopes were measured for quality control comparisons and for the purpose of monitoring the potential for future isotope dilution experiments, bringing the total number of isotopes measured to 53. The multi-element external calibration standard was diluted to 10 and 60 ng mL 21 . 103 Rh was used as the internal standard for all elements.…”

“…103 Rh was used as the internal standard for all elements. An analysis run included a continuous calibration verification (CCV, 20 ng mL 21 ) for up to a maximum of 12 glass samples. A successful ICP-MS analysis run used a ¡10% relative bias acceptance criteria when measurements of various elements on both CCV and NIST samples were compared to known elemental concentrations.…”

“…Numerous spectroscopic, radiochemical, and mass spectrometric techniques have been applied to the multielement analysis of glass fragments. These include atomic absorption, 3,4 dc arc emission spectrography, 5 X-ray fluorescence, [6][7][8] inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] neutron activation, 4,[18][19][20][21][22] spark source mass spectrometry, [23][24][25][26] and, more recently, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), [27][28][29] including laser ablation ICP-MS. 30 While each technique has advantages and limitations, ICPbased methods provide the most information of all the elemental analysis methods 31 and are being rapidly adopted in forensic laboratories. Though ICP-AES is presently more common than ICP-MS in the forensic laboratory, the latter is seeing increased use due to the greater sensitivity, broad elemental coverage, reduced spectral complexity and the capability to provide isotopic analyses.…”

“…Estimated standard deviations (df ~144) for Tukey's HSD pairwise comparisons. The estimated measurement standard deviations are based on the pooled standard deviation of three averages of triplicate measurements on 72 glass samples Elements ICP-AES measurements/mg g21 ICP-MS measurements/mg g 21…”