“…We use the eigenfunctions φ(x, z, t) from the linear stability analysis. Using Fermat's principle it is possible to determine the optical path, the resulting phase difference φ(x, t) and the intensity profile of light passing the cell [53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60]. At small deflection angles, one can assume that individual light rays pass the cell without deflection, creating a phase grating…”