Determination of Specific Rain Attenuation Using Different Total Cross Section Models for Southern Africa

Malinga, S. J.; Owolawi, Pius A.; Afullo, Thomas J.

doi:10.23919/saiee.2014.8531877

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In general, the horizontally polarized signal are predicted to experience higher attenuation than vertically polarized signal [11], for the bands of frequency employed in this study. Also, the estimated attenuation values at elevation angle of 42.5° for 0.01% exceedance probability show that about 99.999% availability, that is approximately 53 minutes signal outage in an average year, is possible for Ku band hence the predicted values of attenuation are less than 20 dB, but total signal outage is expected for the Ka and V band propagations during rainfall in the two earth stations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Estimation of rain attenuation effect on radio wave propagation for broadband communication over northern Nigeria.

Orji

Chiemeka

Obiegbuna

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Rain induced effect on propagated signal was studied in this work. The weather parameters of two (2) locations representing two (2) climate zones in Northern Nigeria were employed, using the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R P.618) rain attenuation model, to investigate the rain effect on strength of propagated signal ranging from Ku-band to V-band of the communication spectrum. The weather data were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) for a period of 10years (2009-2018) and assimilated into the model using 1-minute integration time rain rate. An elevation angle of 42.5°, which is the conventional elevation angle of systems to NIGCOMSAT-1R over the Atlantic Ocean region, was used. The results showed that annual rainfall amounts trends varied slightly with the different locations and climate zones, having 2018 and 2010 as the highest rain years within the studied years at Maiduguri and Sokoto respectively. Also, the difference between maximum and minimum 0.01% attenuation for the two locations are 2dB-3dB, 3dB-6dB for horizontal polarization and 1dB-1.5dB and 2dB-4dB for vertical polarization respectively at the two locations respectively. Rain attenuation can be managed well for propagated Ku-band signal with sophisticated sensors but above Ku-band, signal strength attenuation induced by rain could be really alarming.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…To accommodate the increased demand, radio link builders have been forced to create links employing higher frequencies in the Ku-, Ka-, and V-bands of communication [11]. As a result, it's distressing to note that communications above the Ku-band (10GHz) are severely dampened by hydrometeors [12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of rain attenuation effect on radio wave propagation for broadband communication over northern Nigeria.

Orji

Chiemeka

Obiegbuna

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The current increase in the use of propagation wave bands is due to rapid expansion in satellite communications, decrease in the size of transceivers, and ever rising demand for bandwidth (Panagopoulos et al 2004). To accommodate the enormous demand, radio link builders have been forced to create links employing higher frequencies in the Ku, Ka, and V bands of communication (Malinga et al 2013). As a result, it's distressing to see that propagations above the Ku-band (10 GHz) are severely impacted by hydrometeors (Moupfouma 1984).…”

Section: Communication Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain Attenuation Prediction at Different Time Percentages for Ku, K, and Ka Bands Satellite Communication Systems over Nigeria

Orji,

Chukwuebuka,

Chidinma

et al. 2024

J. Astron. Space Sci.

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This paper evaluates the influence of rainfall on propagated signal at different time exceedance percentages of an average year, over the climate zones of the country. Specifically, it demonstrates critical and non critical signal fade or signal outage time exceedance (0.001% to 1%) for Ku, K, and Ka-band systems in an average year. The study was carried out using meteorological data made available by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) over a period of 10 years (2009–2018). The four climate zones in the country were represented by five (5) locations; Maidugiri (warm desert climate), Sokoto (tropical dry climate), Port Harcourt (tropical monsoon climate), Abuja and Enugu (tropical savanna climate). The parameters were simulated into the International Telecommunications Union Recommended (ITU-R) models for rain attenuation over the tropics and results presented using MatLab and Origin Lab. Results of Ku band propagations showed that only locations in the tropical savanna and tropical monsoon climates experienced total signal outage for time percentage exceedance equal to or below 0.01% for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. At K band propagations, the five locations showed to have experienced signal outage at time exceedance equal to and below 0.01%, almost same was recorded for the Ka-band propagation. It was also observed that horizontal and vertical polarization of signal had slightly different rain attenuation values for the studied bands at the five locations, with horizontal polarization having higher values than vertical polarization.

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“…The rain attenuation was computed using the ITU-R model [11] which is widely accepted for the prediction of rain attenuation [12]. The ITU-R model is semi-empirical and often employs the local climatic parameters at a desired probability of exceedance [13]. The input local climatic parameters include: point rainfall rate for 0.01% of an average year (R0.01) in mm/hr; height above sea level of the earth station (H) in km; elevation angle 6 in degrees; latitude of the earth station (∅) in degrees; operating frequency (f) in gigahertz and effective radius of the earth (Re) in kilometres.…”

Section: Seasonal Rain Rate and Rain Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations of Site Diversity Along Earth-Space Paths in Nigeria

Jane¹,

Kufre²,

Akaninyene³

2017

IJICS

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Site diversity (SD) is an effective technique for mitigating rain attenuation in satellite communications, especially in regions where rainfall rates are high. Nigeria is characterised by the tropical climate, this implies that rainfall rates are generally high. This paper presents a study of the seasonal variation of site diversity technique in Nigeria at Ka-band frequency of 20 GHz. Rainfall data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) over a period of five years (2010 to 2014) were analysed to derive the one-minute rainfall rate distribution for four selected earth stations (University of Uyo, Uyo (UNIUYO); Akwa Ibom International Airport, Uyo (AKIA); Margaret Ekpo International Airport, Calabar (MEIA); and Port Harcourt International Airport, Port Harcourt (PHIA)) within the South-South Nigeria. The link parameters of Nigerian Communication Sattelite-1R (NigComSat-1R) were incorporated into the ITU-R model for rain attenuation to estimate the rain attenuation distribution through a seasonal cumulative distribution and percentage of outage time between 0.01 to 100%. Site diversity was implemented, taking University of Uyo as the reference site. The results obtained show that SD technique is most effective between the months of March and May and least effective between September and December.

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Determination of Specific Rain Attenuation Using Different Total Cross Section Models for Southern Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Estimation of rain attenuation effect on radio wave propagation for broadband communication over northern Nigeria.

Estimation of rain attenuation effect on radio wave propagation for broadband communication over northern Nigeria.

Rain Attenuation Prediction at Different Time Percentages for Ku, K, and Ka Bands Satellite Communication Systems over Nigeria

Seasonal Variations of Site Diversity Along Earth-Space Paths in Nigeria

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