2016
DOI: 10.1038/srep25609
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Determination of Stark parameters by cross-calibration in a multi-element laser-induced plasma

Abstract: We illustrate a Stark broadening analysis of the electron density Ne and temperature Te in a laser-induced plasma (LIP), using a model free of assumptions regarding local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The method relies on Stark parameters determined also without assuming LTE, which are often unknown and unavailable in the literature. Here, we demonstrate that the necessary values can be obtained in situ by cross-calibration between the spectral lines of different charge states, and even different elements, … Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…The apparatus and procedures for the OES experiments have been detailed previously 15,16 and are here summarized only briefly. The fundamental or second harmonic output of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser was incident in the xz plane at θ = 45°t o the surface normal (z) and focussed onto the surface of a Si target mounted in vacuum ( p ≈ 10 −7 mbar).…”
Section: Experimental and Modellingmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…The apparatus and procedures for the OES experiments have been detailed previously 15,16 and are here summarized only briefly. The fundamental or second harmonic output of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser was incident in the xz plane at θ = 45°t o the surface normal (z) and focussed onto the surface of a Si target mounted in vacuum ( p ≈ 10 −7 mbar).…”
Section: Experimental and Modellingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The temporal and spatial variations of the Stark-broadened line shapes extracted from the I(z, λ; t) images were analysed using a modified Saha equation based on a Druyvesteyn (rather than a Maxwellian) electron energy distribution function (EEDF), i.e., with no assumptions about the applicability (or not) of LTE. 15,16 Several previous works have addressed the validity of assuming LTE in the case of LIPs formed at ambient pressure, 40,41 but such an assumption clearly cannot be valid for the later stages of a LIP expanding into vacuum. As previously, the profile of each Si III and Si IV transition of interest was predicted for numerous combinations of N e and T e using the established w and d Stark parameters 15 and the z-dependent N e and T e values determined as the combinations that gave the smallest sum of squared differences (SSD) when compared with experiment (after convolving the predicted spectrum with the instrumental line shape).…”
Section: A Insights From the Pollux Calculationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14] The Boltzmann plot method has been previously used to estimate the missing values of transition probabilities and Stark broadening parameters of several atomic transitions. 10,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] This should be ultimately carried out provided that at least one of these quantities should be available with sufficient accuracy. 1,5,6,8,10 Several authors calculated the Stark broadening parameters of several transition lines for the copper and some other elements using different techniques.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar techniques have been used by various groups to evaluate and correct for selfabsorption in line intensities for quantitative estimation of elements. [19][20][21][22] While the previously mentioned techniques assume an LTE plasma, recently Liu et al 23 have proposed a cross-calibration method in multielement samples to determine Stark parameters without relying on the LTE condition.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%