Determination of Stormwater Drainage in University Campuses; Case Study of İzmir Katip Çelebi University Campus

Abstract

Structural development grows rapidly with urbanization, resulting in more and more impervious areas and therefore stormwater cannot infiltrate underground. In recent years, stormwater management models have been developed to solve the problem. The models have been the subject of natural-based solutions for the last decade. The principle of stormwater management aims to control stormwater in urban areas. The systems aim to replace the traditional sewage system with blue-green infrastructure systems which consist of rainwater harvesting, rain gardens, vegetated swales, green roofs, green walls, permeable pavement, and rainwater tanks. The method transforms an impermeable surface of asphalt, brick, concrete, and stone into permeable design tools. Flooding, one of the main consequences of climate change, is the biggest challenge for cities. Therefore, areas with high building density need to be transformed and especially rainwater needs to be used efficiently. This study aims to develop a management model for the efficient use of stormwater in university campuses, which are an important spatial part of cities. In this context, firstly, areas with high drainage density were identified with the ArcGIS 10.4 program and then an effective drainage network was created within the campus using the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). The campus-wide system can also be applied and easily adapted to the city. With this method, the ratio of permeable areas is increased and new design models are created in urban areas.