Determination of sun-screen agents of the p-aminobenzoic acid type in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Gagliardi, Luigi; Amato, A.; Basili, A.; Cavazzutti, G.; Gattavecchia, E.; Tonelli, Domenica

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)87001-1

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Samples of leaf extracts for HPLC analyses were prepared as before [24]. Ground leaves (5 g) were soaked in aqueous methanol (50 mL, 49:1) and left for a day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

et al. 2007

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“…Samples of leaf extracts for HPLC analyses were prepared as before [24]. Ground leaves (5 g) were soaked in aqueous methanol (50 mL, 49:1) and left for a day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

et al. 2007

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“…As may be seen from Figure 2, the procedure is satisfactory for most investigations, and gradient elution is required only for those sunscreens that contain poorly resolved components (5)(6)(7). Results for those sunscreens tested by the authors are given in the table.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Liquid Chromatographic Determination of UV Absorbers in Sunscreens

Davis¹,

Quigley²

1995

J. Chem. Educ.

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Commercial sunscreens contain various compounds that absorb or physically block UV radiation-properties that can be exploited when determining the concentrations of these compounds. Although UV absorbance spectroscopy has been used to evaluate sunscreens (1, 2), separation of components is preferred. Thin-layer chromatography (3) and gas-liquid chromatography (3, 4) have been investigated, but liquid chromatography with UV absorbance detection is better (3, 5-9).Early sunscreens contained p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and the UV absorbing qualities of this compound are well-documented (10,11). The popularity of PABA in the manufacture of cosmetics during the 1960's and 70's led to widespread use by people intent on acquiring a suntan without risking serious sunburn or worse. The American Cancer Society estimates that more than half a million new cases of skin cancer are diagnosed every year and that about 90% are caused by exposure to the sun. In a recently published article in this Journal, Taylor noted that 1 in 10 Americans will contract skin cancer during their lifetime (12).

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“…Techniques such as liquid chromatography [11,12,13,14,15], micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography [15], and Raman spectrometry [16] have been employed for determination of PABA in sunscreen products. Sequential-injection analysis (SIA) has been not reported for determination of PABA, in sunscreen or other samples, neither other automated methods have been reported, except for several flow injection systems proposed by Winefordner et al for room-temperature phosphorescence [17,18] or Raman spectrometry [19,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sequential-injection system for spectrophotometric determination of p -aminobenzoic acid in sunscreens.

Chisvert

Izquierdo

Salvador

2002

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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A sequential injection method is proposed for spectrophotometric determination of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in cosmetic formulations. The method is based on diazotization of the analyte, coupling with 8-hydroxyquinoline, and the subsequent formation of a colored product. The experimental conditions used (coupling reagent, sandwich arrangement, volumes aspirated, propulsion flow rate, reaction coil length) were studied. Response of the sequential injection method were linearly dependent on concentrations up to 25 micro g mL(-1) and the detection limit was 2 micro g mL(-1). Throughput was 51 measurements per hour and a complete cycle, including three measurement per sample and a washing step, resulted in a sample throughput of 13.8 h(-1). Sunscreen formulations containing PABA were analyzed by the proposed method and validated by use of an HPLC procedure. The two methods gave comparable results. Yields ranged between 97-103% and good precision (RSD between 2 and 6%) was obtained. The accuracy, speed, and selectivity of the method make it suitable for safe application for quality-control of final products.

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Determination of sun-screen agents of the p-aminobenzoic acid type in cosmetic products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana

Liquid Chromatographic Determination of UV Absorbers in Sunscreens

A sequential-injection system for spectrophotometric determination of p -aminobenzoic acid in sunscreens.

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