Determination of surface area and pore volume of holocellulose and chemically modified wood flour using the nitrogen adsorption technique

Papadopoulos, Antonios N.; Hill, Callum A. S.; Gkaraveli, A.

doi:10.1007/s00107-003-0430-5

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Another reason is due to the smaller size and the polarity of water molecules, which enables them to penetrate into micropores or capillaries that are usually not accessible to the larger nitrogen molecules. Similar studies by Papadopoulos et al [14] and Bismarck et al [35] showed that the dried natural fibers exhibit very small specific surface area of approximately 0.5 m 2 /g and also very small pore volumes [36]. The fibers dried by water evaporation consist of only single lamellae, which cause internal fiber structure to collapse resulting in the lower surface areas.…”

Section: Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Coating and filler materials reduce the pore size and pore volume to some extent as a result of blocking the pores between the fibers on the paper surface. There are a variety of physical techniques to measure geometry of pores on the material surface that include: gas adsorption isotherms, mercury intrusion porosimetry, solute exclusion, thermoporosimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance and microscopic techniques [12,14]. In this study, nitrogen and water vapor adsorption isotherms were used for the analysis of the specific surface area, pore sizes and pore size distribution for both unmodified and modified paper samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and thermodynamic characterization of modified cellulose fiber-based materials and related interactions with water vapor

Bedane

Xiao

Eić

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and thermodynamic characterization of modified cellulose fiber-based materials and related interactions with water vapor

Bedane

Xiao

Eić

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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“…Some criticisms to the use of BET gas adsorption for measuring surface area and mesoporosity of biomass and pretreated materials have been reported. The sample preparation and oven drying required for BET ana lysis may result in decreased surface area and pore volume due to collapse of pore structures during cell wall drying [19,42], thereby reducing the overall nitrogen accessible porosity [41]. For some Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX™) pretreatment conditions, BET ana lysis has been shown to underestimate surface Figure 10.…”

Section: Gas Adsorption Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pelleting on the recalcitrance and bioconversion of dilute-acid pretreated corn stover under low- and high-solids conditions

et al. 2013

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Background:Knowledge regarding the performance of densified biomass in biochemical processes is limited. The effects of densification on biochemical conversion are explored here. Results: Pelleted corn stover samples were generated from bales that were milled to 6.35 mm. Low-solids acid pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were performed for pelleted and ground stover (6.35 and 2 mm) formats. Monomeric xylose yields were significantly higher for pellets (~60%) than for ground formats (~38%). Pellets achieved approximately 84% of theoretical ethanol yield; ground stover formats had similar profiles, reaching approximately 68% theoretical ethanol yield. Pelleted and 6.35-mm ground stover were evaluated using a ZipperClave® reactor under high-solids, process-relevant conditions for multiple pretreatment severities (R o ); feedstock reactivity increased slightly following combined pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis for three of five severities tested. Conclusion: Pelleting did not render corn stover more recalcitrant to dilute-acid pretreatment under low-or high-solids conditions, and even enhanced ethanol yields.

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“…Microfibrillar bands are composed with crystalline and non-crystalline regions of varying dimension. That morphological structure of cellulose was extensively studied by XRD for many years; it controls not only the access of solvents within the fibers, but also the chemical reactivity of that polymer (Papadopoulos et al, 2003;Aimin et al, 2005). However, the supramolecular structure of cellulose showed susceptibility to chemical treatments such as alkalization which modified the crystallinity of cellulose treated with sodium hydroxide (Mwaikambo and Ansell, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical reactivity and supramolecular susceptibility of hardwood celluloses towards succinic anhydride

Safou-Tchiama¹,

Barhé²,

Soulounganga³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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In order to understand the chemical reactivity and the relative susceptibility of I  and I β cellulose allomorphs of some tropical hardwoods with coupling agents bearing succinic moiety, their cellulose fibers were isolated and esterified by succinic anhydride molecule heated at 120 °C for 4 h in dimethylformamide(DMF)/pyridine(Py) used as swelling solvent. The morphological structure of Testulea gabonensis (T. gabonensis), Julbernardia pellegriniana (J. pellegriniana), Aucoumea klaineana (A. klaineana) and Tieghemella africana (T. africana) fibers were characterized by the MORFI® apparatus. The fibers were the longest for T. africana (769 m), J. pellegriniana (717 m) and T. gabonensis (700 m) while those from A. klaineana were the shortest (624 m). No difference was found between T. gabonensis, A. klaineana and T. africana fibers width which varied from 24.0 to 24.2 m while J. pellegriniana cellulose exhibited the smallest width (18.6 m). The cellulose fibers of T. gabonensis, T. africana and J. pellegriniana displayed the better reactivity as revealed by their respective weigh per cent gains: 16.57  1.11%, 14.16  0.67% and 12.96  0.77% compared with A. klaineana (11.85  0.62%). The latter exhibited the lowest decrease of crystallinity among those cellulose esters. Nevertheless, solid state 13 C NMR showed a strong reactivity of amorphous cellulose and chains exposed on crystal surfaces than interior crystallite chains. Any evidence of I  and I  allomorphs esterification was found in those cellulose fibers with the exception of T. africana which displayed a decrease of I  and I  allomorphs without a preferential reactivity of I  cellulose. The trend of heterogeneous phase esterification of cellulose fibers with succinic anhydride in DMF/Py at 120 °C for 4 hours to be merely controlled by amorphous phase and chains exposed on crystal surface was discussed.

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Determination of surface area and pore volume of holocellulose and chemically modified wood flour using the nitrogen adsorption technique

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Structural and thermodynamic characterization of modified cellulose fiber-based materials and related interactions with water vapor

Structural and thermodynamic characterization of modified cellulose fiber-based materials and related interactions with water vapor

Effect of pelleting on the recalcitrance and bioconversion of dilute-acid pretreated corn stover under low- and high-solids conditions

Chemical reactivity and supramolecular susceptibility of hardwood celluloses towards succinic anhydride

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