Determination of technetium-99 in environmental samples: A review

Seasonal variation of technetium-99 in Fucus vesiculosus and its application as an oceanographic tracer

“…For the monthly seaweed samples collected at Klint, Denmark in 1991e1992, the dominating source of 99 Tc is from La Hague reprocessing plant (Shi et al, 2012b). Although the monthly discharge of 99 Tc in the years of 1989e1990 is not available (the transit time is about 2 years from La Hague to Klint (Masson et al, 1995), according to the report by Patti 99 Tc from reprocessing plant do not significantly contribute to the seasonal variation of 99 Tc concentration in the seaweed from Kint during 1991e1992.…”

“…During the years of 1982e1991, most of 99 Tc in the European water originates from the La Hague reprocessing plant, while before and after these periods the discharges of 99 Tc from Sellafield reprocessing plant dominates (Shi et al, 2012b). For the monthly seaweed samples collected at Klint, Denmark in 1991e1992, the dominating source of 99 Tc is from La Hague reprocessing plant (Shi et al, 2012b).…”

Radioanalysis of ultra-low level radionuclides for environmental tracer studies and decommissioning of nuclear facilities

“…Tc is a long-lived (2.1×10 5 years) radionuclide and the 327 major isotope of technetium occurred in the environment. Due to its high fission yield 328 (6.1% for 235 U) and high mobility in the environment, it is one of the most important radionuclides in the environmental radioactivity investigation and waste repository [11].…”

Removal of Technetium (<sup>99</sup>Tc) from Aqueous Waste by Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded into Activated Carbon

“…The higher-water solubility of Tc (in the form of 4 TcO − ), the longer half-life of 99 Tc, and thus long residence time in the oceans, make 99 Tc an ideal oceanographic tracer for investigation of movement, exchange and circulation of water masses. All these investigations and applications require an accurate determination of 99 Tc in various types of samples [7]. Technetium-99 is of particular concern to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) because of its persistence and mobility in the environment [8].…”