Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Optically Active Compounds by Means of X-Rays

Bijvoet, J. M.; Peerdeman, A. F.; Bommel, A.J. Van

doi:10.1038/168271a0

Cited by 769 publications

(366 citation statements)

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“…In other words, conventional X-ray scattering gives bond distances, but cannot deliver absolute positions of atoms because the path (phase) differences are identical for enantiomers. However, in 1951 Bijvoet and coworkers finally confirmed the FischerRosanoff assignment by determining the absolute configuration of sodium rubidium (þ)-tartrate via anomalous X-ray scattering [31]. Using zirconium Ka wavelength, which is absorbed by rubidium, a phase lag was introduced, which allowed to distinguish ''front-and-back'' positions of atoms.…”

Section: Absolute Configuration and Stereodescriptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular chirality at surfaces

Ernst

2012

Physica Status Solidi (b)

223

264

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With the adsorption of larger molecules being increasingly tackled by surface scientists, the aspect of chirality often plays a role. This paper gives a topical review of molecular chirality at surfaces and gives a phenomenological overview of different aspects of adsorption and self‐assembly of chiral and prochiral molecules and the principles of mirror‐symmetry breaking at a surface. After a brief introduction into the history of molecular chirality and the important role it played for understanding the spatial structure of molecules, definitions of chirality are presented. Topics treated here are principle ways to create single chiral adsorbates, chiral ensembles, and monolayers by achiral molecules, adsorption of intrinsically chiral molecules at achiral and chiral surfaces, long‐range symmetry breaking in two‐dimensional (2D) crystals due to additional chiral bias, chiral restructuring of solid surfaces under the influence of chiral molecules, switching the handedness of adsorbates, and chirality at the liquid/air interface. An outlook onto further potential research directions and recommendations for further reading, including nonsurface‐related sources of chiral topics completes this paper.

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Section: Absolute Configuration and Stereodescriptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular chirality at surfaces

Ernst

2012

Physica Status Solidi (b)

223

264

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“…All hydrogen atoms, with the exception of those on the methylene and methyl groups, were located from a difference Fourier map and included in the structure factor calculations but their positions were not refined. The absolute configuration of the compound was determined by comparing the calculated and observed differences in the intensities of 15 Friedel pairs (Bijvoet, Peerdeman & van Bommel, 1951), using Cu Ka radiation. The intensity differences for all 15 reflections are in agreement with the configuration shown in the figures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

p-Iodobenzoate of jeunicin

Helm¹,

Enwall²,

Weinheimer³

et al. 1976

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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“…Another event which had a major impact was the determination of the absolute hand of the asymmetric carbon atom of sodium tartrate by Bijvoet (Bijvoet, 1949;Bijvoet et al, 1951). By indexing the X-ray re¯ections with a right-handed system, he showed that the breakdown of Friedel's law in the presence of an anomalous scatterer was consistent with the asymmetric carbon atom having a hand in agreement with Fischer's convention.…”

Section: Pre-1912mentioning

confidence: 57%

From the Structures of Simple Salts to Those of Sophisticated Viruses

Rossmann¹

1998

Acta Cryst Sect A

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An account is given of the development of X-ray crystallography from its beginnings in 1912 to its present successes in the determination of virus structures. Brief mention is made of early inorganic and subsequent organic molecule structure determinations, which eventually laid the foundations for the ®rst protein structures in 1957±1959. Various experimental and computational advances were required for these successes. However, additional technical advances were necessary before the ®rst near atomic resolution structures of spherical viruses became possible in 1978±1979. Current emphasis is in probing the multifunctional biological properties of viral capsids when they infect cells.

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Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Optically Active Compounds by Means of X-Rays

Cited by 769 publications

References 1 publication

Molecular chirality at surfaces

Molecular chirality at surfaces

p-Iodobenzoate of jeunicin

From the Structures of Simple Salts to Those of Sophisticated Viruses

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