Determination of the adulteration of petrol with kerosine using a rapid phase-titration procedure

Abstract

An improved system for the phase-titration determination of kerosine adulteration in petrol has been developed. Calibration graphs are linear and are therefore especially efficacious for field applications. The range of kerosine adulteration covered (0-20% v/v) represents the extremes of adulteration found in the field.The method shows no significant dependence on temperature.

Excitation Emission Matrix Spectral Subtraction Fluorescence to Check Adulteration of Petrol by Kerosene

“…Adulteration of petrol with cheaper hydrocarbon fuel such as kerosene has been a problem in South Asian countries. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Laboratory procedures for testing, such as gas chromotography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are time consuming, costly, and often complicated. The methods based on comm on physical properties and spectroscopic techniques suffer limitations in terms of accuracy and sensitivity in determining the adulteration level, which are extensively described elsewhere.…”

Determining the Adulteration of Diesel by an Optical Method

“…A number of methods are available for measuring adulteration of diesel, by kerosene viz; the filter test, testing through specific gravity, viscosity, odor based method [4], ultrasonic technique [5], titration technique [6][7][8] etc. The specific gravity measurement suffers significant inaccuracy in the measurement, whereas the viscosity measurement method has the drawback of generating the same viscosity of the adulterated sample by adding a small amount of high viscosity lubricating oils.…”

Optical sensor for the determination of adulteration in petrol: design and development

“…The seriousness of this problem, especially in countries where the tax differential between the two products is large, has stimulated much research on this subject [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The seriousness of the adulteration of heavily taxed petrol with highly subsidized kerosene has led to many studies and research on the development of procedures for the determination of the degree of adulteration [18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…the filter test, titration techniques [16][17]21], optical technique [22], American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM) distillation, viscosity and density check, flash point, principle of cooling on evaporation, odor based method [19], ultrasonic techniques [20], dyeing kerosene and adding chemical markers for kerosene such as furfural, coumarin, quinazarin, silane, etc. used for differentiate the petroleum products in Europe and in India a chemical marking which results in blue color of kerosene [18][19][20][21][22].…”