Determination of the attenuation coefficients of visible and ultraviolet radiation in heavy water

Boivin, L P; Davidson, W.F.; Storey, R. S.; Sinclair, D.; Earle, E.D.

doi:10.1364/ao.25.000877

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…12), as a function of the wavelength (l as nm). The column denoted a w1 corresponds to the absorption values proposed by Buiteveld et al (1994), which are based on the attenuation values determined by Boivin et al (1986) at 254, 313, and 366 nm. The values beyond 420 nm are those of Pope and Fry (1997).…”

Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6, is computed according to the approximation (underestimation) K dsw1 5 a w1 + b bsw , or K dsw2 5 a w2 + b bsw . Quickenden and Irvin (1980, for the 196-320 nm domain, 1-nm step), and by Boivin et al (1986, for five discrete wavelengths, from 254 nm to 578 nm). A differential pathlength method was employed with 1-and 10-cm-long cells (net pathlength 9 cm; Quickenden and Irvin's study) or a conventional method with a unique 50-cm-long cell (Boivin et al 1986) was used.…”

Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quickenden and Irvin (1980, for the 196-320 nm domain, 1-nm step), and by Boivin et al (1986, for five discrete wavelengths, from 254 nm to 578 nm). A differential pathlength method was employed with 1-and 10-cm-long cells (net pathlength 9 cm; Quickenden and Irvin's study) or a conventional method with a unique 50-cm-long cell (Boivin et al 1986) was used. Despite their uncertainties and divergences, both of these studies result in attenuation values near 300 nm well below those previously available.…”

Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They differ considerably from the previously accepted values, in particular in the (blue-violet) window of maximal transparency (Pope and Fry 1997;Sogandares and Fry 1997), as well as in the UV domain (Quickenden and Irvin 1980;Boivin et al 1986). Therefore, it is timely to examine the mutual compatibility between these in vitro measurements and the hyperspectral in situ observations, which were made recently in extremely clear waters and encompass both the visible and near UV domains.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Optical properties of the “clearest” natural waters

Morel

Gentili

Claustre

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

369

377

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Optical measurements within both the visible and near ultraviolet (UV) parts of the spectrum (305-750 nm) were recently made in hyperoligotrophic waters in the South Pacific gyre (near Easter Island). The diffuse attenuation coefficients for downward irradiance, K d (l), and the irradiance reflectances, R(l), as derived from hyperspectral (downward and upward) irradiance measurements, exhibit very uncommon values that reflect the exceptional clarity of this huge water body. The K d (l) values observed in the UV domain are even below the absorption coefficients found in current literature for pure water. The R(l) values (beneath the surface) exhibit a maximum as high as 13% around 390 nm. From these apparent optical properties, the absorption and backscattering coefficients can be inferred by inversion and compared to those of (optically) pure seawater. The total absorption coefficient (a tot ) exhibits a flat minimum (, 0.007 m 21 ) around 410-420 nm, about twice that of pure water. At 310 nm, a tot may be as low as 0.045 m 21 , i.e., half the value generally accepted for pure water. The particulate absorption is low compared to those of yellow substance and water and represents only ,15% of a tot in the 305-420-nm domain. The backscattering coefficient is totally dominated by that of water molecules in the UV domain. Because direct laboratory determinations of pure water absorption in the UV domain are still scarce and contradictory, we determine a tentative upper bound limit for this elusive coefficient as it results from in situ measurements.

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Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optical properties of the “clearest” natural waters

Morel

Gentili

Claustre

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

369

377

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The Baïkal experiment found a maximum absorption length of about 20 m for a wavelength of 490 nm [6]. Measurements performed in pure water show that the maximum of the attenuation length is at lower values of the wavelength in this medium (∼ 400 nm) [7,8]. The maximum value was measured around 90 m with 40% accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of light in deep sea water at the site of the Antares neutrino telescope

Aguilar

Albert

Amram

et al. 2005

Astroparticle Physics

122

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The ANTARES neutrino telescope is a large photomultiplier array designed to detect neutrino-induced upward-going muons by their Cherenkov radiation. Understanding the absorption and scattering of light in the deep Mediterranean is fundamental to optimising the design and performance of the detector. This paper presents measurements of blue and UV light transmission at the ANTARES site taken between 1997 and 2000. The derived values for the scattering length and the angular distribution of particulate scattering were found to be highly correlated, and results are therefore presented in terms of an absorption length λ abs and an effective scattering length λ eff sct . The values for blue (UV) light are found to be λ abs ≃ 60(26) m, λ eff sct ≃ 265(122) m, with significant (∼15%) time variability. Finally, the results of ANTARES simulations showing the effect of these water properties on the anticipated performance of the detector are presented.

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Resolving the long‐standing puzzles about the observed Secchi depth relationships

Lee

Shang

et al. 2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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Various empirical relationships have been developed in the past nine decades to link the Secchi‐disk depth (ZSD) with the diffuse attenuation coefficient (KPAR), the euphotic zone depth (Zeu), and chlorophyll (Chl) concentration, where the latter two are important for the quantification and evaluation of photosynthesis in aquatic environments. There was also a classical theory regarding Secchi‐disk sighting, but large gaps existed between the observations and model outcomes. These gaps have puzzled the ocean community for > 60 yr and have resulted in contradictory conclusions regarding the interpretation and usefulness of ZSD. Here, we compare these measurements with data simulated based on an innovative theory and model regarding ZSD, and we found remarkable agreements between theoretical predictions and these century‐long observations. The results not only resolve the long‐standing puzzles associated with these observations, but also unify the relationships published in the literature. In particular, the ratio of Zeu to ZSD is found to be ∼ 3.5 for all waters, which is ∼ 45% greater than the consensus value of ∼ 2.4 suggested in the past for clear waters. In addition, the new model validates an empirical relationship between ZSD and Chl developed for global oceanic waters, thus providing strong support for using historical ZSD data to study changes of phytoplankton in global oceans in the past century.

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Determination of the attenuation coefficients of visible and ultraviolet radiation in heavy water

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

Optical properties of the “clearest” natural waters

Optical properties of the “clearest” natural waters

Transmission of light in deep sea water at the site of the Antares neutrino telescope

Resolving the long‐standing puzzles about the observed Secchi depth relationships

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