Determination of the Avogadro constant via the silicon route

Becker, Peter; Bettin, H.; Danzebrink, Hans‐Ulrich; Gläser, Michael; Kuetgens, U.; Nicolaus, Arnold; Schiel, Detlef; Bièvre, Paul De; Valkiers, S.; Taylor, Philip

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/40/5/010

Cited by 157 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…(2), a value N A = 6,0221353⋅10 23 mol -1 was recently derived from measurements of the lattice parameter, volume, mass and molar mass of a silicon single crystal with a relative standard uncertainty (k = 1) of 3,4⋅10 -7 [2]. This result was derived from a single silicon crystal sphere named AVO#1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

2007

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AVO#1 sphere is one of three spheres, which were fabricated at CSIRO (National Metrology Laboratory, Australia) from the silicon crystal WASO 04. Details of the measured crystal properties and parameters of the sphere AVO#1 are given in [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

2007

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“…1,2 The measurements, for a number of technical reasons, use highly polished one-kilogram spheres of silicon. 3,4 An overall relative target uncertainty of less than 2 in 10 8 is desired for the Avogadro constant to ensure a smooth transition between the definitions. 5 The project is part of an ongoing effort to redefine the kilogram in terms of a fixed value of an invariant quantity (a fundamental constant), thus abrogating the International Prototype Kilogram.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of the Atomic Weight of ²⁸Si-Enriched Silicon for a Revised Estimate of the Avogadro Constant

et al. 2012

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Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at Determination of the atomic weight of ²⁸Si-enriched silicon for a revised estimate of the Avogadro Constant Yang, Lu; Mester, Zoltán; Sturgeon, Ralph E.; Meija, Juris http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=fr L'accès à ce site Web et l'utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D'UTILISER CE SITE WEB. NRC Publications Record / Notice d'Archives des publications de CNRC:http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21268853&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21268853&lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions? Contact the NRC Publications Archive team atPublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1021/ac203006jAnalytical Chemistry, 84, 5, pp. 2321-2327, 2012-03-06 Determination of the Atomic Weight of 28 Si-Enriched Silicon for a Revised Estimate of the Avogadro Constant Lu Yang, Zoltań Mester,* Ralph E. Sturgeon, and Juris Meija Institute for National Measurement Standards, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada * S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: The much anticipated overhaul of the International System of Units (SI) will result in new definitions of base units in terms of fundamental constants. However, redefinition of the kilogram in terms of the Planck constant (h) cannot proceed without consistency between the Avogadro and Planck constants, which are both related through the Rydberg constant. In this work, an independent assessment of the atomic weight of silicon in a highly enriched 28 Si crystal supplied by the International Avogadro Coordination (IAC) was performed. This recent analytical approach, based on dissolution with NaOH and its isotopic characterization by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, is critically evaluated. The resulta...

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“…The relative uncertainty decreases with increasing x( 28 Si), proving the success of the 'kilogram-2' project, the target of which was a silicon crystal material with further reduced uncertainties. Additionally, M of natural isotopic composition (WASO), measured at the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurement (EC-JRC-IRMM, Belgium) using isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is shown for comparison [55]. In one decade, u rel (M) was reduced by almost three orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Molar Mass Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method

Fujii¹,

et al. 2016

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When the kilogram is redefined in terms of the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h, the x-ray-crystal-density (XRCD) method, among others, is used for realizing the redefined kilogram. The XRCD method has been used for the determination of the Avogadro constant N A by counting the number of atoms in a 28 Si-enriched crystal, contributing to a substantial reduction of uncertainty in the values of N A and h to 2 parts in 10 8 . This method can be therefore used reversely for the mass determination of a 1 kg sphere prepared from the crystal. This is realized by SI-traceable measurements of its lattice parameter, isotopic composition, volume, and surface properties. Details of the corresponding measurements are provided, as well as the concept of the XRCD method, isotope enrichment, crystal production, sphere manufacturing, and evaluation of impurities and self-point defects in the crystal, together with mass comparison with respect to the silicon sphere for disseminating mass standards.

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Determination of the Avogadro constant via the silicon route

Cited by 157 publications

References 54 publications

Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

Determination of the Atomic Weight of ²⁸Si-Enriched Silicon for a Revised Estimate of the Avogadro Constant

Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method

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Determination of the Avogadro constant via the silicon route

Cited by 157 publications

References 54 publications

Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

Mass determination of silicon spheres used for the Avogadro project

Determination of the Atomic Weight of 28Si-Enriched Silicon for a Revised Estimate of the Avogadro Constant

Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method

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Determination of the Atomic Weight of ²⁸Si-Enriched Silicon for a Revised Estimate of the Avogadro Constant