Incipient motion conditions for 57 regular (spheres,
cylinders,
disks, square plates, cubes, square prisms, rectangular prisms, tetrahedrons,
and fibers) and eight irregular microplastic particle groups, having
various sizes and densities, are investigated in a circular flume.
The present data set is combined with additional data from the literature
and systematically analyzed. A new framework is developed for predicting
incipient motion conditions for foreign particles, accounting for
variations in static friction, hydraulic roughness, and hiding-exposure
effects. Via this framework, incipient motion conditions for microplastic
particles lying on a sediment bed are, for the first time, reconciled
with the classical Shields diagram.