Determination of the Influence of Mechanical Properties of Capsules and Seeds on the Susceptibility to Feeding of Mononychus pubctumalbum in Endangered Plant Species Iris aphylla L. and Iris sibirica L.

Śmigała, Magdalena; Winiarczyk, Krystyna; Dąbrowska, Agnieszka; Domaciuk, Marcin; Gancarz, Marek

doi:10.3390/s21062209

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The bulk density in silos was analyzed in other studies as well [23]. The Instron 8872 testing machine was used to consolidate the material in cylinders equipped with VOC intake valves [24]. The maize grains had standard 14% (w.b.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Consolidation Level on Organic Volatile Compound Emissions from Maize during Storage

et al. 2023

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The aim of this study was to determine the emission of organic volatile compounds from maize grain as a function of granularity and packing density of bulk material in conditions imitating processes occurring in silos. The study was carried out with the use of a gas chromatograph and an electronic nose, which was designed and constructed at the Institute of Agrophysics of PAS and has a matrix of eight MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) sensors. A 20-L volume of maize grain was consolidated in the INSTRON testing machine with pressures of 40 and 80 kPa. The control samples were not compacted, and the maize bed had bulk density. The analyses were carried out at a moisture content of 14% and 17% (w.b.—wet basis). The measurement system facilitated quantitative and qualitative analyses of volatile organic compounds and the intensity of their emission during 30-day storage. The study determined the profile of volatile compounds as a function of storage time and the grain bed consolidation level. The research results indicated the degree of grain degradation induced by the storage time. The highest emission of volatile compounds was recorded on the first four days, which indicated a dynamic nature of maize quality degradation. This was confirmed by the measurements performed with electrochemical sensors. In turn, the intensity of the volatile compound emission decreased in the next stage of the experiments, which showed a decline in the quality degradation dynamics. The sensor responses to the emission intensity decreased significantly at this stage. The electronic nose data on the emission of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) as well as grain moisture and bulk volume can be helpful for the determination of the quality of stored material and its suitability for consumption.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Consolidation Level on Organic Volatile Compound Emissions from Maize during Storage

et al. 2023

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“…The behaviour of plant material under load is most often described by the force–deformation curves in the compression, tension or puncture tests [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. From these curves, the following mechanical parameters can be determined: modulus of elasticity, toughness, bioyield strength, failure stress and failure strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Apple Flesh to Compression under the Quasi-Static and Impact Loading Conditions

Stropek

Gołacki

2022

Materials

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Compression tests of cylindrical samples were carried out using two ‘Rubin’ and ‘Red Jonaprince’ apple cultivars with flesh firmness differing in a statistically significant way. The tests were conducted under both the quasi-static and impact loading conditions, which required the use of two test stands. For this purpose, an impact measuring stand was designed and built. The tests proved that the firmness of the apple flesh influenced the mechanical response under both the quasi-static and impact loading conditions. The elasticity modulus had much higher values under the impact than quasi-static loading conditions. This indicates that the stiffness of the apple tissue was larger during the impact than at the low-speed compression. Different failure mechanisms of cylindrical apple flesh samples were found depending on the loading conditions. Under the quasi-static loading conditions, the apples of both cultivars were damaged at the same strain value. However, during the impact, apples were apt to damage at a constant stress value regardless of the firmness of the tested cultivar. The toughness of the apple tissue depended on firmness and was larger under the quasi-static loading conditions for the apples with larger firmness. However, under the impact loading conditions, the toughness was greater for the apples with smaller firmness.

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Development of the male and female gametophyte, fertilization, and assessment of germination and regulation of dormancy in Iris aphylla L. seeds

Śmigała-Lasota

Dziurka

Dąbrowska

et al. 2023

Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus

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The observations of fruiting and formation of offspring through generative propagation presented in this study were aimed at determination of propagation potential in Iris aphylla L. The low percentage of germinating seeds largely limits its generative reproduction. The germination tests confirmed deep dormancy of the Iris aphylla seeds. The dormancy was disrupted by isolation of embryos from seeds, which were further cultivated in vitro. The germination of isolated embryos proved the localization of endogenous inhibitors of germinating seeds of I. aphylla in the endosperm. The comparison of phytohormonal profiles of seeds, endosperm and embryos of I. aphylla and Iris sibirica, i.e. a species with a high percentage of germinating seed, revealed that the deep dormancy of I. aphylla seeds was associated with the balance between abscisic acid and gibberellins (ABA/GA), a significant predominance of ABA and a massive accumulation of salicylic acid. Isolation of embryos from seeds and their germination in growing medium in vitro is recommended as the most efficient method for I. aphylla propagation. Results of this study can be applied in conservation efforts of this attractive and important native species.

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Determination of the Influence of Mechanical Properties of Capsules and Seeds on the Susceptibility to Feeding of Mononychus pubctumalbum in Endangered Plant Species Iris aphylla L. and Iris sibirica L.

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of the Consolidation Level on Organic Volatile Compound Emissions from Maize during Storage

Effect of the Consolidation Level on Organic Volatile Compound Emissions from Maize during Storage

Response of Apple Flesh to Compression under the Quasi-Static and Impact Loading Conditions

Development of the male and female gametophyte, fertilization, and assessment of germination and regulation of dormancy in Iris aphylla L. seeds

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