Determination of the non-starch polysaccharides in plant foods by gas-liquid chromatography of constituent sugars as alditol acetates

Englyst, Hans N.; Wiggins, H. S.; Cummings, John H.

doi:10.1039/an9820700307

Cited by 711 publications

(323 citation statements)

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“…(b) Dietary ®bre, de®ned as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), is measured by the Englyst-type methods (Englyst et al, 1982;. Lignin, waxes, cutins and resistant starch are excluded from this food fraction.…”

Section: Dietary ®Brementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of nutrients in the food composition tables available in the nine European countries participating in EPIC

et al. 1999

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and Sweden. They were compared from the point view of availability, de®nition, analytical methods, and mode of expression of the nutrients of interest for EPIC, and it was seen that most of the nutrients in the tables are analysed and expressed in a compatible way. For some nutrients, however, common methods and de®nitions (folate, dietary ®bre), or modes of expression (energy, protein, carbohydrates, carotenes, vitamin A and E) have not yet been agreed upon, so values are not comparable. For vitamin C a wide range of values are found due to the high natural variation in foods. For compiled tables, an additional problem is the use of several sources which may mean that the nutritional values are not comparable within the same table; and these values cannot be converted if the source is not stated. In addition, some tables were compiled using food composition values produced over 20 years ago with outdated analytical methods. In view of the inconsistent values for some nutrients and due to the large amount of foods reported within EPIC, it was concluded that standardised food composition tables have to be developed for the nine European countries involved in EPIC in order to provide comparable nutrient intake data.

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Section: Dietary ®Brementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of nutrients in the food composition tables available in the nine European countries participating in EPIC

et al. 1999

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“…It is now known that not all McCance and Lawrence's available carbohydrates, although de®ned physiologically by them, provide the body with carbohydrate for metabolism by absorption of sugars. In many populations of the world lactose is not absorbed (Buller & Grand, 1990), neither are all starches digested in the small bowel (Asp, 1992;Englyst et al, 1992). Moreover there is a need to consider the place of oligosaccharides such as raf®nose and stachyose in beans, and fructooligosaccharides in onions, leeks and artichokes, the majority of which are not digested in the small intestine (Bach-Knudsen & Hessov, 1995;Rumessen et al, 1990;Tadesse et al, 1980).…”

Section: Historical Aspects Of Classifying Dietary Carbohydratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentrations of glucose and fructose in blood are also important in determining protein glycosylation and possibly the process of ageing (Brownlee et al, 1988;Dills, 1993;McDonald, 1995). Some starches affect large bowl function (Cummings et al, 1996;Munster et al, 1994;Phillips et al, 1995) and the concept of resistant starch (RS) has been developed (Englyst et al, 1992). Recently the importance of a previously neglected group of carbohydrates, the oligosaccharides, has emerged with the demonstration that some are fermented in the colon and selectively stimulate the growth of speci®c intestinal bacteria thought to be bene®cial to health Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995;Hidaka et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new look at dietary carbohydrate: chemistry, physiology and health

Jh¹,

Roberfroid²,

Andersson³

et al. 1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

160

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The current view of dietary carbohydrates as simply providing us with energy is outdated. Because of their varied chemistry and physical form the rate and extent to which the different types are digested in and absorbed from the small intestine varies. This in turn leads to affects on satiety, blood glucose and insulin, protein glycosylation, lipids and bile acids. Some carbohydrates reach the colon where they are fermented and affect many aspects of large bowel function, colonocyte and hepatic metabolism.A new framework for classifying and measuring food carbohydrates is needed to allow a greater understanding of the role of individual species in health and to inform the public of their importance. A classi®cation based primarily on molecular size (degree of polymerisation) into sugars, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, is suggested, with sub-groups identi®ed by the nature of the monosaccharides. Greater knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of carbohydrates allow a more precise relation with physiology and health to be drawn.The Carbohydrate Group met in Paris in December 1995 at the invitation of Gerard Pascal, Director of CNERNA. Financial support for the meeting was provided by CNERNA.

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“…Before quantitative determination of monosaccharides, CWR were finely ground in a ball mill. UA concentration was determined colorimetrically (Blumenkrantz and Asboe-Hansen, 1973) after a sulphuric acid hydrolysis step (Englyst et al, 1982). Cell wall neutral monosaccharides were analysed by gas chromatography of alditol acetates (Englyst and Cummings, 1984).…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen digestion of rice straw structural polysaccharides: effect of ammonia treatment and lucerne extract supplementation in vitro

Agbagla-Dohnani

Cornu

Broudiscou

2012

animal

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The combined effects of lucerne (Medicago sativaL.) extract supplementation and ammonia treatment of rice straw (Oryza sativa, variety Thaibonnet) on the ruminal digestion of cell wall components were investigated in six continuous culture systems using a randomised complete block design. Data were fitted to second-order polynomial models. Untreated rice straw had higher contents of ash-free cell wall residues (CWR; 763v.687 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and non-cellulosic sugars (191v.166 g/kg DM) than treated rice straw. Ammoniation preferentially removed xylose, which resulted in a lower xylose-to-arabinose ratio (5.1v.5.8). In absence of lucerne supplementation and ammoniation, degradability coefficients were 0.54, 0.46, 0.58, 0.54, 0.42 and 0.60 for cellulose–glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose and uronic acids, respectively. Both factors had significant effects on the microbial degradation of structural polysaccharides. With lucerne extract at an optimal level, ammonia treatment increased ash-free cell wall degradation by more than 10%. The degradability coefficients were increased by ammoniation without any significant interaction with lucerne extract, except for glucose, whose degradability was mostly influenced by lucerne extract in a curvilinear way. The comparison of regression coefficients in cell wall and CWR models suggested that ammoniation improved the degradabilities of xylose, galactose and mannose by partly solubilising the corresponding hemicelluloses and by improving the susceptibility of the remaining fraction to microbial attack, whereas it increased the degradability of arabinose only by favouring microbial attack.

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Determination of the non-starch polysaccharides in plant foods by gas-liquid chromatography of constituent sugars as alditol acetates

Cited by 711 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of nutrients in the food composition tables available in the nine European countries participating in EPIC

Comparison of nutrients in the food composition tables available in the nine European countries participating in EPIC

A new look at dietary carbohydrate: chemistry, physiology and health

Rumen digestion of rice straw structural polysaccharides: effect of ammonia treatment and lucerne extract supplementation in vitro

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