Determination of the Optimum Conditions for Leaching of Zinc Cathode Melting Furnace Slag in Ammonium Chloride Media

Behnajady, Bahram; Babaei-Dehkordi, Amin; Moghaddam, Javad

doi:10.1007/s11663-013-9971-0

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Being simple and systematic, this method has been widely used, especially in engineering and chemistry, for product design and process optimization in last decades [35][36][37][38][39][40]. Many researchers have studied to specify the optimum parameters to recover metals such as copper [41,42], zinc [43,44] and lead [45,46]. Therefore, in the present study, optimization of the crucial parameters (concentration of solvents, temperature, reaction duration, solid/liquid ratio) affecting the leaching efficiency was performed to attain the maximum gold recovery from CAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of gold recovery from copper anode slime by acidic ionic liquid

Rüşen

Topçu

2017

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Hydrometallurgical gold recovery from primary or secondary sources is mainly based on a cyanide process, which is very dangerous for the environment due to the high toxicity levels. In view of the environmental effect, the present study proposes a new green solvent called 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate (EmimHSO 4) ionic liquid (IL) to recover gold from copper anode slime (CAS). The optimum leaching conditions for maximizing gold recovery were determined by orthogonal array (OA) of Taguchi' s experimental design method. OA L 16 (4 4) including four parameters with four levels each, was used to examine the effects of IL concentration (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% v/v), temperature (25, 50, 75, 95 o C), time (½, 1, 2, 4 h) and solid/liquid ratio (1/10, 1/15, 1/20, 1/25 g/mL) on leaching efficiency of the gold recovery. Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the relevance between experimental conditions and gold recovery. The selective leaching tests results showed that gold recovery up to 89.07% was attained on laboratory scale under the optimum leach conditions: 80% IL concentration, 75 o C, 4 h and 1/25 g/mL solid/liquid ratio. According to these results, EmimHSO 4 IL provides a very good ambiance for the oxidative leaching of gold and can be offered as an alternative leaching agent instead of harmful cyanide-based solvents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of gold recovery from copper anode slime by acidic ionic liquid

Rüşen

Topçu

2017

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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“…), variance ratio (F), total degree of freedom (n), and error (e). 38,39 The mathematical relationships between these parameters are presented in the following equations: [40][41][42]…”

Section: Analysis Of Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Anode Composition on Energy Consumption and Current Efficiency in Zinc Electrowinning

Dashti

Rashchi

Emamy

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The basic method for the electrolytic zinc production is an electrowinning process based on sulfate solutions. The major problems for this industry are low current efficiency and high energy consumption leading to deterioration in the quality of cathodic zinc. The most applied approach for overcoming the mentioned problems is altering the zinc electrowinning conditions. Using Taguchi orthogonal (L 25 ) array, five parameters (anode type, current density, sulfuric acid concentration, electrolyte temperature, and zinc concentration in electrolyte) at five different levels were selected to design and minimize the number of experiments. The experimental conditions were, zinc concentration of 50-80 g/L, acid concentration of 150-180 g/L, current density 500-1000 A/m 2 and five different anodes at 30-60 • C. Cast anodes of varying compositions that analyzed were Pb-Ag 0.5%, Pb-Ag 2%, Pb-Ag 0.5%-Sn 2%-Ca 1%, Pb-Ag 0.5%-Sn 2%-Bi 1%, and Pb-Ag 0.5%-Sn 2%-Sb 1%. The optimum conditions for the electrowinning process were anode composition: Pb-Ag 0.5%-Sn 2%-Sb 1%, current density: 500 A/m 2 , acid concentration: 165 g/L, electrolyte temperature: 50 • C and Zn concentration: 80 g/L. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that current density was the most important parameter. A smooth and compact structure in zinc deposits was obtained by using anode Pb-Ag 0.5%-Sn 2%-Sb 1%.

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“…Galvanizer dross typically consists of metallic zinc, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, some copper, iron, lead, aluminium, and other impurity elements in both oxide and metallic forms (Behnajady, Babaeidehkordi and Moghaddam, 2014;Dvořák and Jandová, 2005;Shitov et al, 2005). The majority of the metallic zinc typically reports to the coarser size fractions, while the fine size fractions normally contain the oxidized metals and a larger fraction of inclusions (Rabah and El-Sayed, 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of secondary zinc oxides as an alternative feed to the Skorpion Zinc process: Part 1 - leaching alternative zinc oxides

Lottering

Dorfling

2018

J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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Skorpion Zinc processes zinc oxide ore using a sulphuric acid leaching, solvent extraction, and electrowinning process to produce Special High Grade zinc. The company investigated the possibility of supplementing ore with alternative zinc oxide sources to extend the life of mine and maximize zinc production. In part 1 of this two-part communication we report on experimental investigations to assess the technical feasibility of recovering zinc from electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, zinc dross, and zinc fume under the current Skorpion Zinc leaching conditions. The metal dissolution and acid consumption were determined at temperatures between 40 and 70°C and pH values between 1.2 and 2.1 for slurries containing 20% solids. With the current Skorpion Zinc operating conditions of 50°C and pH 1.8, zinc dissolution from the EAF dust, zinc dross, and zinc fume was 93, 96.9, and 98.5 %, respectively. The rate of zinc leaching from dross and from zinc fume decreased as the pH was increased to 1.5 and 1.8, respectively. The rate-determining step for zinc leaching from zinc dross gradually changed with an increase in pH from porous layer mass transport to chemical reaction and/or boundary layer mass transport. In the case of EAF dust, increasing the temperature to 70°C significantly reduced the zinc leaching rate due to the precipitation of calcium sulphate, which inhibited the zinc leaching reactions. The overall acid consumptions for all three alternative oxides investigated were below the current target consumption of 1.5 t acid per ton of Zn in the feed. It would be technically feasible to use EAF dust, zinc dross, and/or zinc fume as supplementary feed to the Skorpion Zinc process. hydrometallurgy, leaching, secondary zinc oxides.

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Determination of the Optimum Conditions for Leaching of Zinc Cathode Melting Furnace Slag in Ammonium Chloride Media

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Optimization of gold recovery from copper anode slime by acidic ionic liquid

Optimization of gold recovery from copper anode slime by acidic ionic liquid

The Influence of Anode Composition on Energy Consumption and Current Efficiency in Zinc Electrowinning

Investigation of secondary zinc oxides as an alternative feed to the Skorpion Zinc process: Part 1 - leaching alternative zinc oxides

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