The heat capacities of uranium diarsenide (UAs2) and uranium diantimonide (USb:), with tetragonal structures of the anti-Cu2Sb-type, have been measured by adiabatic-shield calorimetry from 5 to about 750 K. Lambda-type transitions with maxima at 272.2 and 202.5 K for UA% and USb2, respectively, are related to maxima in the magnetic susceptibilities at 277 and 203 K, occasioned by transitions from antiferro-to paramagnetism in the compounds. Values of the heat capacities (Cp), entropies [S°(T)-S°(0)], and Gibbs energy functions-{[G*(T)-H°(O)]/T} at 298.15 K in cal K-' mole-t are 19.12, 29.41 and 15.05 for UA% and 19.16, 33.81 and 18.39 for USb 2. Tentative resolutions of the cooperative magnetic heat capacities of UAs2 and USb2 lead to the magnetic entropies AS(mag) = 0.99 and 1.70 cal K-t mole-', respectively. The values for both are significantly lower than the spin-only magnetic entropy value R In 3 = 2.18 cal K-~ mole-'.