Determination of the Structure of Acute Injury of Temporary and Permanent Frontal Teeth in Children, Analysis of Diagnostic and Treatment Measures and Their Effects

Abstract

The aim: To determine the structure of acute injuries of temporary and permanent frontal teeth in children, to analyze the applied diagnostic and treatment measures for acute tooth trauma and to investigate their effectiveness. Materials and methods: The subject of the study were 31 children aged 2-12 years with acute temporary and permanent tooth trauma. Methods: clinical (radiological, thermodiagnosis), medical and statistical. Results: The number of injured permanent teeth was greater than the number of injured temporary teeth. The pattern of temporary and permanent tooth injuries differed, so in temporary teeth dislocations were observed, and in permanent teeth fractures prevailed over dislocations. In our opinion, this is due to the peculiarities of the anatomy of the temporary teeth. Usually, the therapeutic tactics of acute temporary teeth injuries is to remove them, despite their important role in the growth and development of jaws, physiological formation and eruption of permanent teeth. The therapeutic tactics of dynamic observation in the case of intrusive dislocation of the temporary tooth were selected in the clinic of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry. In some cases, with a slight change in the position of the temporary tooth, self-regulation of its position was observed, in other cases the tooth remained dystopic, but its viability remained in 50% of cases. Therapeutic tactics of acute injuries of permanent teeth were selected according to the type of trauma. In the case of permanent tooth dislocation, with a slight change in its position, tooth immobilization was carried out by splinting with fiberglass tape and photopolymer composite material. Conclusions: Our observations have shown that the complex of modern specialized medical care for the affected children with acute traumatic injuries of the teeth should be guided by their preservation, which ensures the subsequent normal formation of the dental-jaw apparatus. To ensure these conditions, a long, reliable immobilization of the damaged tooth is required as soon as possible after injury.

The types and application progress of fixation for tooth dislocation injury

“…Baena et al [25] conducted experiments on five sets of fixed splints using a universal testing machine and polarizing mirror, and observed that the glass fiber had better stress distribution around the affected teeth under different occlusal loads, and it could better distribute and absorb the occlusal stress from the center and edge. In clinical practice, some scholars [26][27] have confirmed that fiberband composite resin splint has a good effect on gingival index, plaque index, gingival crevicular bleeding, and the imaging examination of postoperative two-year follow-up. Zhu Wenting et al [28] found in the clinical observation of 320 cases of permanent anterior teeth that fiber composite resin has strong aesthetics and comfort, is easy to maintain good oral hygiene, and can ensure high bonding strength even if the adjacent teeth of the affected teeth are primary teeth.…”