Determination of the temperature and concentration dependence of the refractive index of a liquid mixture

Li, W. B.; Segrè, P. N.; Gammon, Robert W.; Sengers, J. V.; Lamvik, M.

doi:10.1063/1.467428

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Even less than 20 years ago, different experimental techniques such as thermo gravitational columns, beam deflection, diffusion cells and thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS) gave different results for simple organic mixture such as toluene/n-hexane [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Soret effect in aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures by the thermal lens technique

Polyakov

Wiegand

2009

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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In the present work we investigate the thermal diffusion behavior of three different binary mixtures with a thermal lens (TL) setup. In the setup used in this study we avoid the addition of a dye for systems, such as aqueous mixtures, with a weak absorption band at a wavelength of 980 nm. In some aqueous systems with a complex phase behavior the addition of dye significantly affects the apparent measured thermal diffusion properties. The studied systems are dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in water, the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate (EMIES) in butanol and a non-ionic surfactant hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C 12 E 6 ) in water. The Soret coefficients of the selected systems cover a range of two orders of magnitude. For DMSO in water with a very low Soret coefficient of the order of S T ∼ 10 −3 K −1 we find for a low DMSO content (c = 0.33) a reasonable agreement with previous measurements, while the weak thermal lens signal for the DMSO-rich mixture (c = 0.87) leads to 20% too large Soret coefficients with an uncertainty of more than 30%. Secondly we studied a liquid salt 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate (EMIES) in butanol with a roughly ten times higher Soret coefficient of S T ∼ 10 −2 K −1 .For this system we performed additional measurements with another experimental technique, the classical thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS), which requires the addition of a small amount of dye to increase the absorption. In the entire investigated concentration range the results obtained with the TL and classical TDFRS technique agree within the error bars. As a third system we studied a non-ionic surfactant hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C 12 E 6 ) in water with a Soret coefficient of the order of S T ∼ 10 −1 K −1 . For this system we find good agreement with previous measurements. We conclude that the TL technique is a reliable method for systems with a strong optical contrast and fairly large Soret coefficient of the order of S T ∼ 10 −2 K −1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Soret effect in aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures by the thermal lens technique

Polyakov

Wiegand

2009

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Even less than 20 years ago different experimental techniques such as thermo gravitational columns, beam deflection, utilizing diffusion cell and thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS) gave different results for the simple organic mixture of toluene/n-hexane [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic study of the thermal diffusion in associated mixtures

Polyakov

Wiegand

2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We performed systematic temperature and concentration dependent measurements of the Soret coefficient in different associated binary mixtures of water, deuterated water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol, ethanol, acetone, methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, propionaldehyde using the so called thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering method. For some of the associating binary mixtures such as ethanol/water, acetone/water and DMSO/water the concentration x ± w at which the Soret coefficient changes its sign does not depend on temperature and is equal to the concentration x × w where the Soret coefficient isotherms intersect. While for others such as 1-propanol/water, 2-propanol/water and ethanol/DMSO the sign change concentration is temperature dependent, which is the typical behavior observed for non-associating mixtures. For systems with x ± w = x × w we found that x ± w depends linearly on the ratio of the vaporization enthalpies of the pure components. Probably due to the similarity of methanol and DMSO we do not observe a sign change for this mixture. The obtained results are related to structural changes in the fluid observed by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass specrometric and X-ray experiments in the literature. Furthermore we discuss the influence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions and the solubility on thermal diffusion behavior.

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“…There exist different variants of the LL formula, among which the Looyenga (LO) approach provides the following result: 22,34 […”

Section: Working Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The refractive index of a fluid can be theoretically predicted by the well-known Lorentz-Lorenz (LL) formula: 22,33 …”

Section: Working Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, literature data are not always available for the mixture of interest, and when available, they are not always of good quality as pointed out previously. 22,23 Moreover, data are typically limited to atmospheric pressure, and theoretical predictions are not always reliable in many practical cases. Recently, the oil industry has shown great interest in studying transport properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration dependent refractive index of a binary mixture at high pressure

Croccolo

Arnaud

Bégué

et al. 2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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In the present work binary mixtures of varying concentrations of two miscible hydrocarbons, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtalene (THN) and n-dodecane (C12), are subjected to increasing pressure up to 50 MPa in order to investigate the dependence of the so-called concentration contrast factor (CF), i.e., (∂n/∂c) p,T , on pressure level. The refractive index is measured by means of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The setup and experimental procedure are validated with different pure fluids in the same pressure range. The refractive index of the THN-C12 mixture is found to vary both over pressure and concentration, and the concentration CF is found to exponentially decrease as the pressure is increased. The measured values of the refractive index and the concentration CFs are compared with values obtained by two different theoretical predictions, the well-known Lorentz-Lorenz formula and an alternative one proposed by Looyenga. While the measured refractive indices agree very well with predictions given by Looyenga, the measured concentration CFs show deviations from the latter of the order of 6% and more than the double from the Lorentz-Lorenz predictions.

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Determination of the temperature and concentration dependence of the refractive index of a liquid mixture

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Investigation of the Soret effect in aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures by the thermal lens technique

Investigation of the Soret effect in aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures by the thermal lens technique

Systematic study of the thermal diffusion in associated mixtures

Concentration dependent refractive index of a binary mixture at high pressure

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