Determination of thermal degradation of vulcanized rubbers using diffracted SH ultrasonic waves

Fukuhara, Mikio; Kuwano, Yoshiyuki; Tsugane, Atsuko; Yoshida, Masamitsu

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0488(19990315)37:6<497::aid-polb2>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2 also shows that the more delayed the phase is, the greater the phase velocity becomes. Here it should be noted that the viscoelastic properties of polymers [4][5][6] , naphthenic hydrocarbon oils with high viscosity 10 We first investigate properties of the leaves in terms of elasticity. The phase dependence of viscoelasticity and dynamic modulus are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Wave Velocity and Dynamic Modulus For Development Of The Leamentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Ultrasonic techniques are useful for analyzing and evaluating physical characteristics such as velocity, damping and elasticity [4][5][6] . They also have many medical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Indeed, we have observed this phase delay of polymers that have been thermally degraded by thermal chain scission (e.g. polyvinyl chloride 5 and polypropylene 13 and by thermal crosslinking of acrylonitrile-butadiene and chloroprene rubbers 6 , accompanied by regression in viscoelasticity. Hence, by analogy we infer that delay in phase corresponds to degree of development of the leaves' tissues.…”

Section: Wave Velocity and Dynamic Modulus For Development Of The Leamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acoustic Characteristics of Fresh Tea Leaves

Fukuhara¹,

Okushima

Matsuo³

et al. 2005

JARQ

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The acoustic characteristics of sound fresh tea leaves were determined nondestructively by ultrasonic transmission analysis. As thickness increases, phase velocity and wavelength increase, and damping ratio and dynamic viscosity decrease, suggesting development of the fibrous tissues, accompanied by frequency convergence. The velocities of all the leaves studied were smaller than that of pure water. Decrease in viscoelasticity corresponds to increase in dynamic modulus. Thus, acoustically, we can regard the leaves as natural quasi-polymers with high viscoelasticity.

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Section: Wave Velocity and Dynamic Modulus For Development Of The Leamentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Ultrasonic techniques are useful for analyzing and evaluating physical characteristics such as velocity, damping and elasticity [4][5][6] . They also have many medical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Wave Velocity and Dynamic Modulus For Development Of The Leamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acoustic Characteristics of Fresh Tea Leaves

Fukuhara¹,

Okushima

Matsuo³

et al. 2005

JARQ

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“…In previous papers [7][8][9][10], we investigated the propagation characteristics of shear horizontally polarized (hereinafter referred to as SH) elastic waves passing through the surface region of hardened mild steels, cyclically bent ferritic steel, cyclic-tension fatigue areas of Al-4Cu-1Mg alloy, thermally degraded polyvinyl chloride (PVC), aged polypropylene (PP), and vulcanized acrylonitrile-butadiene and chloroprene rubbers (NBR and CR, respectively). These materials were studied in terms of their viscoelasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic analysis of the amorphous phase of annealed Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 glassy alloy, using diffracted SH ultrasonic waves

Fukuhara¹,

Wang²,

Inoue³

2010

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…Since the viscoelastic properties of thermally degraded PVC 6 and vulcanized rubbers 12 could be evaluated from the observed phase modulation in complex waves, phase shift in the hydrogen absorbed Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 glassy alloy was investigated as a function of hydrogen content. The phase modulation of the main frequency of 1.6 MHz is presented in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acoustic characteristics of Ni–Nb–Zr–H glassy alloys by ultrasonic shear waves

Fukuhara¹,

Kawashima

Yamaura

et al. 2006

Physica Rapid Research Ltrs

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With the advance in studies on hydrogen permeability of glassy alloys as a hydrogen production technique, attention is also paid to structural evaluation. For the purpose of supplying pure hydrogen gas to the coming fuel powered society, a melt-spun Ni-Nb-Zr amorphous alloy has been developed [1,2]. It is also important to examine their acoustic properties in order to fully understand the hydrogen permeability in terms of atomic configuration for the Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 glassy alloy, consisting of affinity Zr and antiaffinity Ni elements for hydrogen. Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 is a typical metal-metal type alloy consisting of transition elements.Our interests lie in investigating the propagation characteristics of diffracted shear horizontally polarized (hereafter referred to as SH) waves of the (Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 ) 100-x H x (x = 0-15.2) glassy alloys. In sharp contrast to shear vertically polarized (SV), longitudinal (L) and surface (S) waves, the SH waves, which have some practical advantages such as no mode conversion or phase shift and good propagation ability [3,4], have long been of interest to researchers in the field of geophysics, acoustics and electromagnetics. Furthermore, the diffracted SH waves enable to penetrate into the specimens such as thin films and coated layers, etc. However, no previous paper has reported for this subject of glassy alloys with hydrogen, as far as we know. This study will provide useful information for hydrogen effect on the structural morphology of (Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 ) 100-x H x glassy alloys.The rotating wheel method under an argon atmosphere was used for the preparation of glassy Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 alloy ribbons of about 1 mm width and 20 µm thickness from argon arc-melted ingots. Hydrogen charging was made electrolytically in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 + 1.4 g/l thiourea (H 2 NCSNH 2 ) at room temperature and at the current densities of 200 and 500 A/m 2 [2]. The amounts of hydrogen absorbed in the specimens were measured by the inert gas carrier meltingthermal conductivity method.The structure of the (Ni 42 Nb 28 Zr 30 ) 100-x H x glassy alloys was identified by X-ray diffraction with Cu K α radiation at grazing incident mode. The angle of incident used was 2°.The waveform deviation between two contact lines on the specimens was measured by the use of a bridge with an ultrasonic transmitter/receiver set. Ultrasonic wave pattern analysis was made using a diagnosis and analyzing apparatus [5]; the experimental procedure is described in a previous paper [6].The SH wave transducers were set up facing each other as transmitter and receiver and they had a probe area of 5 × 5 mm 2 , separated by a gap of 10 mm. The SH waves were generated by refraction from a transverse wave PZT [Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )O 3 ] transducer on a polymer edge. The incident and receiving angles of the SH wave were fixed at 19(π/180) rad, which showed optimum receiving amplitude in a preliminary experiment. To present propagation loss due to high frequency, and signal broadening due toThe propagation characteristics of shear horiz...

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Determination of thermal degradation of vulcanized rubbers using diffracted SH ultrasonic waves

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Acoustic Characteristics of Fresh Tea Leaves

Acoustic Characteristics of Fresh Tea Leaves

Acoustic analysis of the amorphous phase of annealed Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 glassy alloy, using diffracted SH ultrasonic waves

Acoustic characteristics of Ni–Nb–Zr–H glassy alloys by ultrasonic shear waves

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