Determination of trace amounts of Cu(II) in drinking and wastewater samples by a novel catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method

An automated in-chip-catalytic–spectrophotometric method for determination of copper(ii) using a multisyringe flow injection analysis-multipumping flow system

“…Most of these methods are not automated, since they are carried out batch-wise. 20,22,[24][25][26][27][28] FIA methods has also been used for increasing the degree of automation of analysis. 21 However, reported FIA methods are not fully automated since the samples are manually injected.…”

“…[20][21][22][23] Recently, a number of kinetic methods which were developed for determination of trace Cu(II) concentration have been reported. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Flow techniques are widely used in chemical analysis due to its many advantages, such as low volumes of sample and reagents (mL scale), greater reproducibility, and the possibility of measurement without the need to attain the nal equilibrium state. Multisyringe ow injection analysis (MSFIA) is a ow technique that includes the advantages of ow injection analysis (FIA), in terms of efficiency of mixing, and of sequential injection analysis (SIA) with regard to robustness and versatility.…”