Determination of trace amounts of organic and mercury in biological materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and organic mercury speciation by gas chromatography

Filippelli, Marco

doi:10.1021/ac00128a024

Cited by 82 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Typically, alkyl mercury species are determined by acid digestion with solvent extraction, such as the Westöö [3] method and its modifications [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12], or by acidic vapor distillation [13]. In the Westöö method and its modifications the alkyl mercury species from the acidic digestate are extracted into an organic solvent phase, followed by several cleanup steps [3] and then back-extracted into an aqueous phase [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Westöö method and its modifications the alkyl mercury species from the acidic digestate are extracted into an organic solvent phase, followed by several cleanup steps [3] and then back-extracted into an aqueous phase [12]. This extraction scheme normally involves toxic solvents such as benzene [9,10], toluene [11,12], chloroform [14], or dichloromethane [15], and relies heavily on the efficiency of cleanup and back-extraction steps. It has been reported that acidic vapor distillation methods in the presence of organic substances may artificially generate MeHg + [13,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation of mercury in soil and sediment by selective solvent and acid extraction

Han¹,

et al. 2003

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In order to characterize the mercury hazard in soil, a sequential extraction scheme has been developed to classify mercury species based on their environmental mobility and/or toxicity for either routine lab analysis or on-site screening purposes. The alkyl mercury species and soluble inorganic species that contribute to the major portion of potential mercury toxicity in the soil are extracted by an acidic ethanol solution (2% HCl+10% ethanol solution) from soil matrices as "mobile and toxic" species. A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system coupled with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection has been developed to further resolve the species information into soluble inorganic species (Hg(2+)), methylmercury(II) (MeHg(+)) and ethylmercury(II) (EtHg(+)) species. Alternatively, these species can be separated into "soluble inorganic mercury" and "alkyl mercury" sub-categories by Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE). A custom Sulfydryl Cotton Fiber (SCF) material is used as the solid phase medium. Optimization of the SCF SPE technique is discussed. Combined with a direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80), the SCF SPE technique is a promising candidate for on-site screening purposes. Following the ethanol extraction, the inorganic mercury species remaining in soil are further divided into "semi-mobile" and "non-mobile" sub-categories by sequential acid extractions. The "semi-mobile" mercury species include mainly elemental mercury (Hg) and mercury-metal amalgams. The non-mobile mercury species mainly include mercuric sulfide (HgS) and mercurous chloride (Hg(2)Cl(2)).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of mercury in soil and sediment by selective solvent and acid extraction

Han¹,

et al. 2003

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“…A ETAAS procedure for the determination of organic and inorganic mercury in various biological materials including blood has been reported [61]. To 0.5 cm 3 of whole blood, 1% NaC1 in 1 M HC1 and benzene were added.…”

Section: Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A procedure for the determination of organic and inorganic mercury in various biological materials including blood and milk by GLC and ETAAS was reported by Filipelli [61]. The method has been depicted under the section devoted to the speciation of blood.…”

Section: Other Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal speciation in biological fluids — a review

et al. 1996

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Abstract. The literature on the speciation of metal ions in biological fluids is comprehensively reviewed. Critical examination on this subject reveals that major work has been done in blood and urine. Speciation in materials like milk has not yet been widely studied. On the other hand, only few references could be found on sweat, saliva, cell lysate, cerebrospinal, seminal, tear and bronchoalveolar fluids. The topics studied for these fluids were mainly the speciation of arsenic, mercury, aluminium and selenium. Work on the speciation of other elements like zinc, chromium, cadmium, lead, copper, iron etc. have also been carried out in such matrices. The present literature survey includes also a critical comment about the sampling and storage of the fluids, general methodologies and analytical details of the developed methods for studying such metal ion speciation.

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“…The common approach for the determination of MeHg 1 was based on the GC method originally developed by Westoo [5]. Later the GC methods for analysis of mercury species have been developed, followed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [6][7][8], atomic emission spectrometry (AES) [9,10], atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) [9,11], mass spectrometry (MS) [9,11,12], and inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-MS [13,14]. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have also been developed using various detection systems including UV detection Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become available as a routine analytical technique during the last 10 years.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simultaneous separation of organomercury species by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using methanol containing acetic acid and imidazole

Peng

Song

et al. 2005

Electrophoresis

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A simple and rapid nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis method for simultaneous separation of four kinds of mercury species, namely inorganic mercury, methylmercury, ethylmercury, and phenylmercury, is reported. The effective mobilities of organomercury in aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes were compared. Imidazole was confirmed not only as a co-ion for the separation but also as an online complexing reagent for mercury species. The optimum conditions for separation were achieved by using methanol solvent containing 0.15 M acetic acid and 15 mM imidazole as electrolyte. The sensitive detection of mercury species was accomplished at 191 nm.

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Determination of trace amounts of organic and mercury in biological materials by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and organic mercury speciation by gas chromatography

Cited by 82 publications

References 14 publications

Speciation of mercury in soil and sediment by selective solvent and acid extraction

Speciation of mercury in soil and sediment by selective solvent and acid extraction

Metal speciation in biological fluids — a review

Simultaneous separation of organomercury species by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using methanol containing acetic acid and imidazole

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