Determination of trace elements in human urine by ICP-MS using sodium chloride as a matrix-matching component in calibration

Abstract

An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the following thirteen trace elements in human urine: Cr, Mn, Co, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Hg, Tl, Pb, and U.

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Introduction to Analytical Aspects

“…ammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide). [4][5][6][7][8] Deionised water has been used as a diluent, however some elements are unstable in pure water, therefore acidic or alkaline diluents are preferred in most cases. 9,10 The isoelectric point of many proteins is approximately 5-6, therefore the addition of an acidic diluent to a highly proteinaceous sample such as blood Table 1.…”

“…In spite of this, a synthetic matrix for urine consisting of NaCl (0.95% w/v) is reported to be an effective matrix-match solution. 6…”

“…Alternatively, a correction factor can be experimentallydetermined. 6 Most instrument software packages are able to perform these calculations automatically. The adequacy of a correction equation can be evaluated by analysing an 'interference check solution' containing known concentrations of interfering elements (e.g.…”

“…The magnitude of carbon-induced signal enhancement varies between different instrument manufacturers and sources of carbon; up to five-fold increases in signal have been observed for arsenic and selenium. 6,[65][66][67] Laboratories often take advantage of this effect to increase analytical sensitivity. For example, organic solvents such as isopropanol or methanol are often added to sample diluent solutions or mobile phases for speciation methods.…”

Determination of major and trace element variability in healthy human urine by ICP-QMS and specific gravity normalisation

“…While sector eld inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS) was initially preferred for trace element analyses of biological samples, 23,24 advances in technology, such as the perfection of collision/reaction cells, have led to signicant improvements in data quality for trace element analyses of urine by low resolution ICP-QMS. [25][26][27][28][29] The latter technique is employed in this study and the elements monitored encompass both major elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca) and a range of trace elements (Co, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo and Pb).…”