Determination of trace glyphosate in water with a prism coupling optical waveguide configuration

Analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in water, plant materials and soil

“…Although numerous papers did not require preconcentation steps as a result of the sensitive detection methods employed (e.g. immunoassay, coulometric, MS/MS), during the past 15 years, a large portion of the published reports have used various online and offline methods for water preconcentration. The most commonly practiced preconcentration method for glyphosate and AMPA and/or their derivatization products (see below) has been the use of solid‐phase extraction (SPE) cartridges and disks, such as C18, HLB and anion exchange cartridges .…”

“…FMOC‐Cl was used in about two‐thirds of the published methods that relied upon derivatizing agents (Table ). Other derivatization methods for glyphosate and AMPA have used: phenylisosthiocyanate, p ‐toluene sulfonyl chloride (PTSCI), an o ‐phthalaldehyde‐2‐mercaptoethanol complex, 4‐methoxybenzene sulfonyl fluoride, sulfanilamide with [ N ‐(1‐naphthyl)ethylendiamine and HCl, HCl/sodium nitrite, ammonium sulphamate, ninhydrin, ninhydrin/molybdate, 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazan, 4‐chloro‐3,5‐dinitrobenzotrifluoride, acetic acid/trimethylorthoacetate, amyllum/I 2 and trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) with either trifluoroethanol (TFE), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) or 2,2,3,3,4,4,4‐heptafluorobutanol (HFB) . Although not a derivatization method per se, heptafluorobutyric acid has been used as an ion pair reagent in glyphosate analysis …”

“…A number of detection methods (Table ) have been used in water analyses, the most common of which are MS/MS, MS, ICP‐MS, FLD and UV . Other less frequently used methods include CD, CD, CNLSD, ECL, ELISA, FID, ECD, spectrophotometry, and prism coupling hollow‐core metal‐cladded waveguide sensor . The reported limits of detection (LODs) or method reporting levels (MRLs) for glyphosate and AMPA in water, juices and biological fluids using these detection methods depend on a number of factors, including whether samples were preconcentrated and derivatized.…”

Optical Fiber Sensors for Biocide Monitoring: Examples, Transduction Materials, and Prospects

“…Nevertheless, the reported study showed some limitations since the LOD ( vide Table ) obtained was higher than the maximum limits for the herbicide allowance (1 × 10 –7 to 40 × 10 –7 g L –1 ) in drinking water and the selectivity of the sensor was only tested against one different herbicide (i.e., isoproturon). The glyphosate herbicide detection was also approached with a prism coupling optical waveguide configuration OFS . The work of Xiao-Hong et al reports an integrated evanescent wave multichannel immunosensor system with antibodies tagged with fluorophores for the detection of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), as well as other small analytes (microcystin-LR, bisphenol A, and melamine).…”

“…The glyphosate herbicide detection was also approached with a prism coupling optical waveguide configuration OFS. 210 The work of Xiao-Hong et al 211 reports an integrated evanescent wave multichannel immunosensor system with antibodies tagged with fluorophores for the detection of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), as well as other small analytes (microcystin-LR, bisphenol A, and melamine). 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), which is a precursor of 2,4-D, was also the analyte of the works of a group from Wuhan University, that reported different approaches for 2,4-DCP OFS, all based on Ru-(bpy) 3 Cl 2 as the fluorescent indicator.…”