Determination of trace levels of trimethylamine in air by gas chromatography/surface ionization organic mass spectrometry

Fujii, Toshihiro; Kitai, Toshihumi.

doi:10.1021/ac00129a035

Cited by 147 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[33][34][35] Although atmospheric concentrations of amines are typically parts per trillion (ppt), one or more orders of magnitude less than NH 3 , amine concentrations near animal husbandry operations can be up to several parts per billion (ppb). [36][37][38][39][40] Amongst over 150 amines that have been identified in the atmosphere, 33 trimethylamine (TMA, (CH 3 ) 3 N) is one of the most abundant. 33,40,41 Results from quantum chemical calculations show that amines are much more strongly bound to H 2 SO 4 than NH 3 , 25 and laboratory experiments have demonstrated higher efficiencies of amines in particle formation compared to NH 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water

Chen

Ezell

Arquero

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

110

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New particle formation from gas-to-particle conversion represents a dominant source of atmospheric particles and affects radiative forcing, climate and human health. The species involved in new particle formation and the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. Although sulfuric acid is commonly recognized as driving new particle formation, increasing evidence suggests the involvement of other species. Here we study particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water at reaction times from 2.3 to 32 s where particles are 2-10 nm in diameter using a newly designed and tested flow system. The flow system has multiple inlets to facilitate changing the mixing sequence of gaseous precursors. The relative humidity and precursor concentrations, as well as the mixing sequence, are varied to explore their effects on particle formation and growth in order to provide insight into the important mechanistic steps. We show that water is involved in the formation of initial clusters, greatly enhancing their formation as well as growth into detectable size ranges. A kinetics box model is developed that quantitatively reproduces the experimental data under various conditions. Although the proposed scheme is not definitive, it suggests that incorporating such mechanisms into atmospheric models may be feasible in the near future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water

Chen

Ezell

Arquero

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

110

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show abstract

“…GC has also been used in determination of amines in air. The sample is injected directly into the GC (Fujii and Kitai 1987) or preconcentrated on a solid sorbent. Kuwata et al (1983) trapped amines with Sep-Pak C,, (SP) cartridge and eluted them with methanol-water mixture before GC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study on the Determination of Fish Freshness by Trimethylamine Headspace Analysis

Krzymien

Elias

1990

Journal of Food Science

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Trimethylamine (TMA) concentration in fish tissue is an accepted measure of deterioration. In this preliminary study a direct relation was demonstrated between TMA in the tissue and in the headspace above the fish flesh. A relatively simple but precise procedure was developed for measuring TMA headspace concentration, based on air sampling with Carbotrap or Tenax sorbent tubes and subsequent thermal desorption and gas chromatographic (GC) analysis. Sampling and analysis are completed in less than 5 min. Fish freshness determined by TMA headspacc analysis was consistent with grading estimated by sensory tests, but the instrumental method provided a more objective and quantitative assessment of quality and an estimation of postmortem age of the fish.

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“…Concentrations of ammonia and TMA near cattle feedlots and enclosures in the range of 0.7-34 ppm NH 3 (Hiranuma et al, 2010;Huang et al, 2009;Trabue et al, 2011) and 0-400 ppt TMA (Fujii and Kitai, 1987;Kuwata et al, 1983;Trabue et al, 2011) have been reported. Inside cattle enclosures, TMA concentrations up to 0.6-7.6 ppb have been measured (Fujii and Kitai, 1987;Kallinger and Niessner, 1999;Kuhn et al, 2011). The ratio of TMA to NH 3 in this study, (4-9) × 10 −3 , is similar to that reported for indoor cattle enclosures as well as emissions from hay and silage (Kuhn et al, 2011).…”

Section: Results For Field Measurements Using Low-concentration Cartrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of gas-phase ammonia and amines in air by collection onto an ion exchange resin and analysis by ion chromatography

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Ammonia and amines are common trace gases in the atmosphere and have a variety of both biogenic and anthropogenic sources, with a major contribution coming from agricultural sites. In addition to their malodorous nature, both ammonia and amines have been shown to enhance particle formation from acids such as nitric, sulfuric and methanesulfonic acids, which has implications for visibility, human health and climate. A key component of quantifying the effects of these species on particle formation is accurate gasphase measurements in both laboratory and field studies. However, these species are notoriously difficult to measure as they are readily taken up on surfaces, including onto glass surfaces from aqueous solution as established in the present studies. We describe here a novel technique for measuring gas-phase ammonia and amines that involves uptake onto a weak cation exchange resin followed by extraction and analysis using ion chromatography. Two variants -one for parts per billion concentrations in air and the second with lower (parts per trillion) detection limits -are described. The latter involves the use of a custom-designed high-pressure cartridge to hold the resin for in-line extraction. These methods avoid the use of sampling lines, which can lead to significant inlet losses of these compounds. They also have the advantages of being relatively simple and inexpensive. The applicability of this technique to ambient air is demonstrated in measurements made near a cattle farm in Chino, CA.

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Determination of trace levels of trimethylamine in air by gas chromatography/surface ionization organic mass spectrometry

Cited by 147 publications

References 32 publications

New particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water

New particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water

Feasibility Study on the Determination of Fish Freshness by Trimethylamine Headspace Analysis

Measurement of gas-phase ammonia and amines in air by collection onto an ion exchange resin and analysis by ion chromatography

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