Determination of trace metals in sea-water and the on-line removal of matrix interferences by flow injection with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection

Trace element determination in seawater by ICP-MS using online, offline and bath procedures of preconcentration and matrix elimination

“…In the analysis of seawater by ICP-MS, most matrix separation and/or analyte preconcentration studies, with both offline and online sample introduction, have been conducted by using chelating agents based on iminodiacetate or 8-HQ (8-hidroxiquinoline) functional groups, immobilized onto several supports, such as polystyrene-divinylbenzene, controlled porosity glass and carboximethylcellulose, among others [14][15][16][17]. In most cases, the analytes retained in the column are eluted with acid mixtures, usually HNO 3 and/or HCl.…”

Analysis of biogenic carbonates by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). Flow injection on-line solid-phase preconcentration for trace element determination in fish otoliths

“…A variety of approaches has been used to improve the accuracy and precision in trace element determinations, because the resolution of quadrupole ICP-MS is not sufficient to enable discrimination between the polyatomic species and the analyte ion of the same nominal mass. These approaches include isotope dilution [1,23], thermal vaporization [24,25] hydride-vapor generation [26,27], use of high-resolution spectrometers (HR-ICPMS) [28,29], and separation and/or preconcentration methods [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37]. Flow-injection techniques have also been successfully used with ICP-MS to implement a variety of strategies for overcoming matrix interferences [38,39].…”

“…When coupled with on-line systems the procedure increases sample throughput and preconcentration efficiency while reducing the risk of contamination. Applications of solid phases such as silica-immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline [30], Chelex 100 [31,32], Metpac CC-1 [33], Amberlite IRA-400 [34], Amberlite XAD-7 [35], Chromosorb 102 [36], and chelating fiber of poly(acrylaminophosphonic dithiocarbamate) [37], have been reported for trace element determinations. Willie et al [40] and Warnken et al [41] have recently demonstrated the use of a commercially available iminodiacetate-based resin (Toyopearl AF-Chelate 650 M) for determination of Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in seawater by ICP-MS.…”

Preconcentration of trace elements in sea water with poly (acrylaminophosphonic - dithiocarbamate) chelating fiber for their determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…Among these, iminodiacetate based [11][12][13] and quinoline-8-ol based [14][15][16] exchangers are showing promising qualities for the separation and concentration of trace metals. However, ion exchange with Chelex 100 requires the removal of calcium and magnesium by careful washing with ammonium acetate or by cation-and anion-exchange chromatography, resulting in time-consuming, sample manipulation and possible contamination [17].…”