Determination of triterpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and antioxidant capacity in Allium ursinum L. at different times of harvesting and anatomical parts

Abstract

Triterpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and antioxidant capacity of individual parts of wild garlic at different times of harvesting were studied. Leaves, flowers, bulbs, and stems of Allium ursinum were used in this study. The contents of triterpenoids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls were determined by UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS, and the antioxidant capacity was determined by ABTS and FRAP assay. A total of 21 compounds including 3 triterpenoids, 11 carotenoids, and 7 chlorophylls were identified in anatomical parts of A. ursinum in March and June 2016. These compounds present in individual anatomical parts of wild garlic were determination in this study for the first time ever. The average content of total triterpenoids ranged from 750.7 to 4159.5 mg/kg dry matter (dm) and that of carotenoids and chlorophylls ranged from 14.4 to 14,424.5 mg/kg dm for bulbs and leaves. The average level of the antioxidant capacity ranged from 37.1 to 91.7 µmol Trolox/g dm in bulbs and leaves, respectively. The leaves, flowers, and stems of wild garlic are a good source of health-promoting compounds. They can be used as functional food ingredients, dietary supplements, and additives.

Profile of Bioactive Compounds in the Morphological Parts of Wild Fallopia japonica (Houtt) and Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) and Their Antioxidative Activity

“…Polyphenolic compounds are an important group of bioactive compounds found in plants and exhibit various biological activities, including antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antifungal activities [16,17,18]. In our study, the average content of polyphenols in F. japonica (Houtt.)…”

“…Lachowicz et al [15] employed PCA to evaluate a correlation between the phenolic, tetraterpenoid, and triterpenoid fractions and the analyzed plants from cultivation Fallopia species and their morphological parts. Lachowicz et al [18] presented the PCA to distinguish bulbs, leaves, flowers, and stems of A. ursinum L., based on the phytochemical composition and antioxidative properties. Finally, Sproull et al [31] used PCA to determine long-term changes in the composition of four herbaceous plants.…”

The content of biologically active substances in the green biomass of perennial onions (Allium L.)

“…По отношению к организму человека известно, что эта группа соединений обладает высокой антиоксидантной и антиканцерогенной активностью и при этом не вызывает гипервитаминоза. Интенсивность накопления каротиноидов весьма зависит от фазы развития растений, их локализации -наибольшая отмечена в листьях [4], а также от внешних условий, что подтверждается нашими данными (рис. 4).…”

“…Пищевая ценность луков обусловлена высоким содержанием углеводов, азотистых веществ, витаминов, минеральных солей и микроэлементов [1], [2]. Лечебно-профилактические свойства луков связаны с присутствием во всех органах различных групп биоактивных соединений: тиосульфинатов, сапонинов, полифенолов, пищевых волокон, которые оказывают на организм человека выраженное и разностороннее воздействие [3][4][5]. Общеизвестны антимикробные, антифунгальные, противогельминтные свойства луков, тогда как современными исследованиями доказана их роль в защите от хронических заболеваний, вызванных окислительным стрессом [6][7][8][9].…”

Selectedin vitro methods to determine antioxidant activity of hydrophilic/lipophilic substances

“…Basically, the FRAP value is evaluated as the reduction power of Fe(III) to Fe(II) (Haida and Hakiman, 2019;Ononamadu et al, 2019). Another evaluation method employs equivalent concentration of Trolox to the initial sample amount (Lachowicz et al, 2018). The FRAP working solution is made under heating (37 °C) when acetate buffer, TPTZ and FeCl 3 •6H 2 O are mixed together in the ratio of 10:1:1 (Benzie and Strain, 1999).…”