Determination of undrained strength of fine-grained soils by means of SPT and its application in Turkey

Sivrikaya, Osman; Toğrol, Ergün

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2006.05.002

Cited by 85 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Regression analyses have been used for a long time in environmental geology and geotechnics [12,23,27,30,36,46,48,56]. To conduct a safe regression analysis, four stages stablished.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and Non-Linear Regression Techniques Used in Sandy-Clayey Soils to Predict the Pressuremeter Modulus and Limit Pressure: A Case Study of Tabriz Subway

Narimani¹,

Chakeri²,

Davarpanah³

2018

Period. Polytech. Civil Eng.

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Nowadays, some common field tests consist of SPT test and pressuremeter test are performed in investigating the geotechnical parameters of projects such as tunneling. Due to the high cost of pressuremter test performance and its time-consuming procedure, using some empirical relations between SPT and Pressuremeter tests are recommended for primarily study of the project. The purpose of this study is to perform regression analyses between the NSPT and the uniaxial compression strength test and the pressuremeter test parameters obtained from a geotechnical investigation performed in route of 2nd line of Tabriz metro. Correlations were carried out for sandy and clayey soils separately. A series of simple and nonlinear multiple regression analyses are performed and as a result of analyses, several empirical equations are developed. It is shown that the empirical equations developed in this study are statistically acceptable.

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“…Regression analyses have been used for a long time in environmental geology and geotechnics [12,23,27,30,36,46,48,56]. To conduct a safe regression analysis, four stages stablished.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple and Non-Linear Regression Techniques Used in Sandy-Clayey Soils to Predict the Pressuremeter Modulus and Limit Pressure: A Case Study of Tabriz Subway

Narimani¹,

Chakeri²,

Davarpanah³

2018

Period. Polytech. Civil Eng.

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“…Thus, employment of both tests simultaneously has the greatest potential for correct site characterization. Sivrikaya and Togrol (2006) correlated SPT-N blow count and undrained shear strength using statistical approach and concluded that penetration test is found to be sufficient reliable for assessment of undrained strength. Farooq et al (2010) collected SPT test data for various sites in Lahore, Pakistan and based on this data geotechnical zoning of Lahore into different zones has been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of relative density and friction angle based on SPT-N values

et al. 2017

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This study is an attempt to evaluate relative density and friction angle of sands on the basis of SPT-N values. In order to develop the relationships among relative density (D r ), friction angle (φ ) and SPT-N value, field and laboratory test results from sixty boreholes executed in sandy deposit were used. The field tests include the SPTs conducted in the boreholes and the determination of in-situ density at various depths in the boreholes using the pitcher sampler whereas the laboratory tests include routine classification, direct shear box, maximum and minimum density and specific gravity tests. The SPT-N values were observed to vary between 4 and 100 and the in-situ bulk density of undisturbed samples as recovered through pitcher sampler are in the range of 13.24 ~ 18.44 kN/m 3 . The soil samples are classified as poorly graded sand (SP), poorly graded sand with silt (SP-SM) and silty sand (SM) on the basis of Unified Soil Classification System. The values of minimum dry unit weight fall in the range of 12.22~14.95 kN/m 3 and maximum dry unit weight varies in the range of 14.64~19.17 kN/m 3 as obtained through vibratory table. Based on the test results, correlation analysis was performed to identify the parameters that affect relative density. The parameters include SPT-N value corrected for field procedures (N 6 0 ), relative density (D r ), void ratio range ( ), effective overburden stresses and in-situ dry density (γ d f). Based on the results of correlation analyses, it was observed that SPT-N values alone cannot be related to D r . Therefore, multiple regression analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and relation between relative density, corrected SPT-N value and effective overburden stress is being proposed. The variation between experimental and predicted values falls within ± 10% at 95% confidence interval. Validation of the proposed correlation was also performed by using an independent data set which indicated that the prediction by using the proposed correlation also falls within ± 10%. Further, comparison of the proposed correlation with other similar relationships already available in the literature was also performed. In addition to the above, correlation between φ and SPT-N 6 0 has also been proposed. It has been observed that the experimental and predicted values of friction angle fall within ± 10% with 95% confidence interval. The proposed correlations may be very useful in the field of geotechnical engineering during feasibility/preliminary design stage for rapid estimation of relative density or friction angle based on the field SPT-N 6 0 values.

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“…Representative but disturbed samples can be taken, which is used for classification of different layers. The test is carried out in various types of soils ranging from soft clay and loose sand to very stiff clay and dense sand (Sivrikaya & To, 2006). Standard penetration test (SPT) is the most common method of investigating properties of various types of soil including silt, clay and coarse sand, but it is not effective for coarser materials such as coarse gravels, cobbles or boulders, due to it reaching such a barrier that can result in excessive blow count (Yagiz et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between PMT and SPT results for Kenny Hill Formation

Zaki¹,

Ismail²,

Govindasamy³

et al. 2019

BGSM

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The utilization and simplicity of standard penetration test (SPT) gives major advantages in site investigation over other methods. SPT is widely practised for all sizes of project and feasible to be used in low-cost construction. However, SPT does not comprehensively capture the real soil behaviour and inevitably generate disturbance to soil samples. Considering that SPT is available for every site investigation works, it was tempting to develop correlation between the pressuremeter test (PMT) results and the SPT results, particularly for local practise. PMT is normally adopted to determine the in-situ stress-strain characteristic, horizontal pressure and lateral failure load of soil. This method is considered as undisturbed soil test due to its mechanism that directly tested the soil. Kenny Hill Formation has thick layer of residual soil due to intense weathering process in the tropical climate region. Thus, adopting the local correlations is more efficient to represent the geological formation of the site. In this research study, the approach is to develop correlation between SPT and PMT. The standard penetration test (SPT) value was obtained from a soil exploration study conducted in Kenny Hills Formation, Malaysia which was conducted at selected depths of borehole. Correlation of SPT value (N SPT) and PMT initial modulus (E i) is E i = 0.22 (N SPT) + 10.01 with coefficient of determination (R 2) 0.642.

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Determination of undrained strength of fine-grained soils by means of SPT and its application in Turkey

Cited by 85 publications

References 5 publications

Simple and Non-Linear Regression Techniques Used in Sandy-Clayey Soils to Predict the Pressuremeter Modulus and Limit Pressure: A Case Study of Tabriz Subway

Simple and Non-Linear Regression Techniques Used in Sandy-Clayey Soils to Predict the Pressuremeter Modulus and Limit Pressure: A Case Study of Tabriz Subway

Evaluation of relative density and friction angle based on SPT-N values

Correlation between PMT and SPT results for Kenny Hill Formation

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