Determination of vitality from a non-invasive biomedical measurement for use in fingerprint scanners

BiometricJammer: Method to Prevent Acquisition of Biometric Information by Surreptitious Photography on Fingerprints

“…These methods require more than one image or an image of higher resolution to verify a fingerprint. For example, Derakhshani et al [14] proposed a method that used the difference between perspiration patterns obtained from a pair of fingerprint images captured at an interval. The method of Chen et al [15] measures skin elasticity when a finger is pressed on a sensor surface, that of Marcialis et al [16] analyzes distribution of pores, and that of Moon et al [17] distinguishes textures between a live finger and a fake fingerprints using wavelet analysis.…”

Use of Spectral Biometrics for Aliveness Detection

“…However, even this method can be fooled, for example, by covering a living person's fingertip, which will provide a pulse, with a thin, plastic-molded artificial fingertip that can provide an authentic fingerprint pattern. Although there are more reliable aliveness detection methods such as perspiration detection (Derakshani et al, 2003), skin color (Brownlee, 2001), medical-based measurement (Lapsley et al, 1998, Osten et al, 1998, rate of warming patents (O'Gorman & Schuckers, 2001), or challenges/responses methods (Fukuzumi, 2001), these are cumbersome in terms of device size, performance, cost, power requirements, operating environment, and human interaction requirements. Conversely, compact spectroscopy-based technologies which have been proposed for biometric identity determination (Rowe et al, 2007) can only work under a controlled measurement environment, as there are spectral alterations due to consumption of alcohol, exposure to warm/cold temperature, or other situation that could alter an individual's complexion, blood circulation, etc.…”

Vitality Detection from Fingerprint Images: A Critical Survey

“…Therefore, making the image processing module more "intelligent", that is, making it able to detect if a fake finger has been submitted is an interesting alternative to the hardware-based approaches. Several approaches aimed to extract vitality features from the fingerprint images directly have been recently proposed [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The general rationale behind these approaches is that some peculiarities of "live fingerprints" cannot be hold in artificial reproductions, and they can be detected by a more or less complex analysis of fingerprint images.…”

“…These can be classified into two further classes: perspiration and morphology based. About the former we have selected two main works as [15] and [9]. Both study the perspiration phenomenon with two transforms, [15] with wavelet space, [9] with Fourier space.…”