Determining and Verifying the Operating Parameters of Suppression Nozzles for Belt Conveyor Drives

Abstract

Drives in belt conveyors are critical components of the conveyor system, susceptible to various factors that can cause disruptions and energy losses. In underground mining conditions, the risk of drive fires is particularly hazardous. Therefore, it is necessary to develop highly effective fire suppression systems. However, there are no guidelines for designing such systems. This study presents a methodology for selecting and verifying the fire suppression systems for belt conveyor drives. The proposed AMIGA system for extinguishing fires on underground coal mine conveyor belts, incorporating spraying and water mist installations, is supported by a theoretical calculation methodology. This enables determining the number of required nozzles and flow rate for complete fire suppression. The development of a methodology for the selection and verification of the sprinkler system components utilized guidelines provided in the standard VdS 2109:2002-03 and the PN-EN 12845+A2 standard from 2010, while a novel approach is proposed for water mist parameters that has not been previously applied anywhere else, and is based on assessing the fire’s intensity and the persistent disruption of the energy balance of the combusted coal. The theoretical calculations for potential fire power facilitate the determination of the appropriate water flow rate for the spraying system to protect the upper belt drive. For the proposed AMIGA system, the potential fire power was calculated to be 10.33MJ/min. Based on this, the water flow rate for the spraying installation to protect the upper drive belt of the conveyor was established to be a minimum 37.5dm3/min, and 21.4dm3/min for the mist installation used to protect the space below the conveyor drive. In order to verify the developed methodology for parameter selection, on-site tests were conducted to verify the results. Tests were conducted on an AMIGA prototype suppression system integrated into a conveyor drive. The results demonstrate that the developed system is effective in extinguishing fires on the belt using the spraying installation, as well as under the conveyor belt drive using the water mist installation, within the entire supply pressure range ( 0.4MPa to 1.6MPa ).

Routing Algorithm for Sensor Network Monitoring the Condition of Mining Equipment

“…The data packets sent by NODE nodes, called ants, travel to neighbouring nodes selected on the basis of a probability function, leaving a pheromone in the visited nodes (which actually corresponds to the incrementation of a variable). The probability that an ant from node i will select node j is given by the following formula: (9) where:…”

“…IIoT is finding increasing application in the coal mining industry. Wireless sensor networks are being used to monitor the condition of underground machinery and equipment, environmental conditions, and the health of miners working in crude coal mining [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Research is being carried out and solutions are being developed for the application of wireless sensor networks for monitoring rock conditions, measuring roof deformation, and using wireless optoacoustic devices to create escape routes in mines.…”

Application of an Analytical Model of a Belt Feeder for Assessing the Load and Stability of Its Structure

“…On the basis of Formula (7) as well as ( 8), (9), and (10), the M Gtp dependence can be expressed (12) as follows: (12) Based on Formula (11) and Formulas (2)-( 5), the coordinate of the centre of mass l ps describes dependence (13) or ( 14) if ( 6) is taken into consideration.…”

“…It can work horizontally (Δαtp = 0°) and on a downward negative slope (Δαtp ˂ 0°) or on an upward positive slope (Δαtp > 0°) [3]. Additional equipment utilised with such feeders are a charging hopper (Figure 5) and a discharge hopper, external and internal scrapers, platforms (Figure 6), as well as various types of protection related mainly to health and safety regulations and control (Figure 7) [12,13]. For the mineral resources industry, belt feeders are, among others, used in opencast rock mining for transporting the crushed mineral.…”