Determining Characteristics of Jungle Crow's Home-range and a Planning Area for Developing a Policy to Control Crows Population

Fujita, Noriyuki; Hattori, Toshihiro; Azuma, Astuki; Onoue, Mai; Yazawa, Masato; Segawa, Norihisa

doi:10.2750/arp.34.160

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

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Timing of fruiting rather than topography determines the direction of vertical seed dispersal by mammals and birds

Tsunamoto

Koike

Tayasu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Vertical seed dispersal toward higher or lower altitudes has been recognized as one of the critical processes for plants to escape from climate change. Studies exploring vertical seed dispersal are scarce, preventing the prediction of future vegetation dynamics. In the present study, we show that the timing of fruiting, rather than topography, determines the direction of vertical seed dispersal by mammals and birds across mountains in central Japan. We found strong uphill seed dispersal of summer fruiting cherry and weak downhill seed dispersal of summer-to-autumn fruiting cherry, irrespective of mountains and animals. The ascent or descent of animals, following the altitudinal gradients in food plant phenology in the temperate zone, was considered to be a driver of the biased seed dispersal. We found that megafauna (i.e., bears) intensively dispersed seeds vertically. The results suggest that the timing of fruiting and megafauna strongly affect whether animal-dispersed temperate plants can maintain their populations under climate change.

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