Determining Heavy Metal Contents of Hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.) in Roadside Soils of a Turkish Lake Basin

Abstract

The toxic chemical substances released into the environment have adversely affected the natural environment, human health, and agricultural production efficiency [1]. The contamination of agricultural soils with several heavy metals including cadmium, lead, copper, and chromium has been widely reported [2]. Much research has been conducted regarding heavy metal contents in soils of Turkey and European Union Countries. The heavy metal contents of soils in Turkey's Bartin Region have been reported for Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Mn, Cr, and Fe in the range of 100-400 mg kg-1 , 20-300 mg kg-1 , 1-100 mg kg-1 , 50-100 mg kg-1 , 1-3 mg kg-1 , 1-60 mg kg-1 , 1-150 mg kg-1 , and 1-1,000 mg kg-1 , respectively [3]. The highest mean values of Al, Cd, Cr, and Pb in cultivated soils of Van Lake Basin in Turkey were determined as 103.57 mg kg-1 , 0.514 mg kg-1 , 2.79 mg kg-1 , and 2.48 mg kg-1 , respectively [4]. The limit values for Cu,

EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATIONS OF Verbascum diversifolium AND Alcea calvertii PLANTS

“…The highest average content of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb is 810.20 mg kg -1 , 63.01 mg kg -1 , 34.02 mg kg -1 , 29.12 mg kg -1 , 25.08 mg kg -1 , 14.47 mg kg -1 , the lowest average heavy metal content 7.42 mg kg -1 , and roadside sampling in leaves, respectively 7.00 mg kg -1 157.75 mg kg -1 , 30.49 mg kg -1 , 8.20 mg kg -1 , 13.89 mg kg -1 , 0.01 mg kg -1 , 0.76 mg kg -1 , 0.57 mg kg -1 and 0.70 mg kg -1 . Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Ni averages of A. rosea seeds were reported to be 24.38, 0.016, 0.179, 0.526, and 0.004 mg kg -1 , respectively [24]. In a study conducted by Yener (2007), as a result of the measurements carried out to determine whether Alcea pallida can be used as a biomonitor or not, it was stated that the highest value of Zn and Cd accumulation in A. pallida was found in the leaf and the lowest value in the flower [25].…”

Phytoarchitecture Design for Public Roads to Combat Air Pollution Resulting from Transport Operations

“…Similar studies have shown that the high absorption of heavy metals by plants growing near the roadside is due to intensive motor vehicle traffic pollution. For example, was found 30 m from the road, the heavy metal content in the leaves of Alcea rosea L. was arranged from most significant to most minor as follows: Cd, Cr, Ni, Fe, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, all of which were lower than roadside plants [55].…”

Influence of Improving Materials of Forest Roads on the Surrounding Environment

“…However, no studies have been found to analyze the influence of the road subgrade improving materials on total carbonates and on the pH changes and thus their influence on the road surrounding biodiversity. Some studies [26][27][28], however, deal with the influence of other human activities on the change of chemistry in surrounding ecosystems. The study [26] deals with the influence of cement dust from a cement plant on the environment.…”

“…Furthermore, it was observed that alkaline dust emitted from a cement plant is closely associated with the rise of soil pH due to greater accumulation of CaCO 3 . The study [27] deals with roadside areas affected by heavy metal pollution due to intensive motorized traffic. This research determined the heavy metal content of hollyhock (Alcea rosea L.) in roadside soils of the Van Lake Basin.…”