Determining of canine position by multiple facial landmarks to achieve natural esthetics in complete denture treatment

Abstract

Patients who have lost their teeth experience not only compromised mastication and pronunciation but also the emotional damage of losing their natural physical appearance. 1 Thus, the goal of a complete denture includes helping the patient to regain confidence in their appearance. This requires knowledge and understanding of both the physical and biologic factors. 2 The best way to select artificial teeth is from preextraction records, including diagnostic casts, radiographs, and recent images showing a natural smile. Patients without pre-extraction records will present a more challenging tooth selection process. [2][3][4] Error in the selection of the artificial teeth will affect correct tooth alignment. 3,5 Consequently, this will potentially compromise the patient's

Correlation between different points on the face and the width of maxillary anterior teeth

“…Furthermore, this study found that the value of facial dimensions and ICaD were significantly larger in men than in women, consistent with the findings of most previous studies [ 11 , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] ], which indicated that men and women should be analyzed separately for dentofacial relationships. However, no sex differences in IPD were observed respectively in the studies of Freihofer HP [ 36 ] and Gomes [ 9 ], which may be attributed to differences in race or measuring methods.…”

“…When choosing artificial anterior teeth width according to a tooth mold chart, the distance between the distal contact points of the canines is used, rather than the distance between the canine cusps [ 10 ]. Therefore, the ideal reference landmark in the clinic for tooth selection is the distal surface of the canine rather than the cusp tip [ 11 ]. A few facial anthropometric measurements have been suggested to assist in determining the width of artificial maxillary anterior teeth in patients with edentulism.…”

“…A few facial anthropometric measurements have been suggested to assist in determining the width of artificial maxillary anterior teeth in patients with edentulism. These measurement items include intercanthal distance (ICD), interpupillary distance (IPD), interalar width (IAW), and intercommissural width (ICW) [ 9 , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ]. However, consensus on an effective method remains unavailable [ 9 , 11 , 15 , 17 ].…”

“…These measurement items include intercanthal distance (ICD), interpupillary distance (IPD), interalar width (IAW), and intercommissural width (ICW) [ 9 , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ]. However, consensus on an effective method remains unavailable [ 9 , 11 , 15 , 17 ].…”

“…IPD remains constant in adulthood and is significantly correlated with ICaD [ 9 , 13 , 19 ]. In addition, IAW aids in estimating the distance between the maxillary canines [ 6 , 11 , 14 , 20 , 21 ]. This is based on the theory that the premaxilla supporting the maxillary anterior teeth is homologous to the alar of the nose during face embryogenesis [ 22 ].…”