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В статье предлагается использовать результаты индикаторных методов исследования для уточнения геологического строения залежей. Сравнивая динамические скорости фильтрации флюидов с реальными результатами индикаторных исследований, можно определить преимущественные направления и ориентацию трещин в карбонатных коллекторах. С целью изучения пространственного ориентирования трещин в карбонатных коллекторах по результатам трассерных исследований была использована геолого-гидродинамическая модель турнейских отложений 101 залежи Ново-Елховского месторождения. При этом в качестве реализации этого подхода применяется геолого-технологическое моделирование с итерационным методом создания моделей. Модель фильтрации была выбрана исходя из физико-химических свойств насыщающих пласт флюидов карбонатных отложений, учитывающие двойную пористость и двойную проницаемость исследуемого объекта. В фильтрационной модели были сохранены размеры и количество ячеек геологической модели. Адаптация параметров фильтрационной модели по истории разработки проводилась в двух вариантах. В первом варианте параметры фильтрационной модели адаптировались без учета результатов индикаторных исследований. Значения проницаемостей в направлениях трещин Х, Y и Z принимались равными. Во втором варианте параметры фильтрационной модели адаптировались с учетом результатов индикаторных исследований. В результате адаптации значения проницаемостей в направлениях трещин Х и Z получены больше, чем в направлении Y. Применение направленного ориентирования при моделировании позволило установить основное направление трещин, по которым происходит фильтрация жидкости. Применение результатов индикаторных исследований при построении и адаптации параметров фильтрационной модели пласта повышает степень соответствия геолого-технологической модели и реального объекта разработки. The article proposes to use the results of indicator research methods to clarify the geological structure of deposits. Comparing the dynamic filtration rates of fluids with the actual results of indicator studies, it is possible to determine the preferred directions and orientation of cracks in carbonate reservoirs. In order to study the spatial orientation of cracks in carbonate reservoirs based on the results of tracer studies, a geological-hydrodynamic model of the Tournaisian deposits of 101 deposits of the Novo-Elkhovsky deposit was used. At the same time, geological and technological modeling with an iterative method of creating models is used as an implementation of this approach. The filtration model was selected on the basis of the physicochemical properties of the carbonate sediments fluids saturating the formation, taking into account the double porosity and double permeability of the object under study. In the filtration model, the size and number of cells of the geological model were saved. The adaptation of the parameters of the filtration model according to the development history was carried out in two versions. In the first variant, the parameters of the filtration model were adapted without taking into account the results of indicator studies. The values of permeabilities in the directions of the X, Y and Z cracks were assumed to be equal. In the second variant, the parameters of the filtration model were adapted to reflect the results of indicator studies. As a result of adaptation, the values of permeabilities in the directions of the X and Z cracks were obtained more than in the Y direction. The use of directional orientation in modeling allowed us to establish the main direction of the cracks along which the fluid is filtered. Application of the results of indicator studies in the construction and adaptation of parameters of the reservoir filtration model increases the degree of compliance with the geological and technological model and the real object of development.
В статье предлагается использовать результаты индикаторных методов исследования для уточнения геологического строения залежей. Сравнивая динамические скорости фильтрации флюидов с реальными результатами индикаторных исследований, можно определить преимущественные направления и ориентацию трещин в карбонатных коллекторах. С целью изучения пространственного ориентирования трещин в карбонатных коллекторах по результатам трассерных исследований была использована геолого-гидродинамическая модель турнейских отложений 101 залежи Ново-Елховского месторождения. При этом в качестве реализации этого подхода применяется геолого-технологическое моделирование с итерационным методом создания моделей. Модель фильтрации была выбрана исходя из физико-химических свойств насыщающих пласт флюидов карбонатных отложений, учитывающие двойную пористость и двойную проницаемость исследуемого объекта. В фильтрационной модели были сохранены размеры и количество ячеек геологической модели. Адаптация параметров фильтрационной модели по истории разработки проводилась в двух вариантах. В первом варианте параметры фильтрационной модели адаптировались без учета результатов индикаторных исследований. Значения проницаемостей в направлениях трещин Х, Y и Z принимались равными. Во втором варианте параметры фильтрационной модели адаптировались с учетом результатов индикаторных исследований. В результате адаптации значения проницаемостей в направлениях трещин Х и Z получены больше, чем в направлении Y. Применение направленного ориентирования при моделировании позволило установить основное направление трещин, по которым происходит фильтрация жидкости. Применение результатов индикаторных исследований при построении и адаптации параметров фильтрационной модели пласта повышает степень соответствия геолого-технологической модели и реального объекта разработки. The article proposes to use the results of indicator research methods to clarify the geological structure of deposits. Comparing the dynamic filtration rates of fluids with the actual results of indicator studies, it is possible to determine the preferred directions and orientation of cracks in carbonate reservoirs. In order to study the spatial orientation of cracks in carbonate reservoirs based on the results of tracer studies, a geological-hydrodynamic model of the Tournaisian deposits of 101 deposits of the Novo-Elkhovsky deposit was used. At the same time, geological and technological modeling with an iterative method of creating models is used as an implementation of this approach. The filtration model was selected on the basis of the physicochemical properties of the carbonate sediments fluids saturating the formation, taking into account the double porosity and double permeability of the object under study. In the filtration model, the size and number of cells of the geological model were saved. The adaptation of the parameters of the filtration model according to the development history was carried out in two versions. In the first variant, the parameters of the filtration model were adapted without taking into account the results of indicator studies. The values of permeabilities in the directions of the X, Y and Z cracks were assumed to be equal. In the second variant, the parameters of the filtration model were adapted to reflect the results of indicator studies. As a result of adaptation, the values of permeabilities in the directions of the X and Z cracks were obtained more than in the Y direction. The use of directional orientation in modeling allowed us to establish the main direction of the cracks along which the fluid is filtered. Application of the results of indicator studies in the construction and adaptation of parameters of the reservoir filtration model increases the degree of compliance with the geological and technological model and the real object of development.
Amid the ever-increasing urgency to develop oil fields with complex mining and geological conditions and low-efficiency reservoirs, in the process of structurally complex reservoir exploitation a number of problems arise, which are associated with the impact of layer fractures on filtration processes, significant heterogeneity of the structure, variability of stress-strain states of the rock mass, etc. Hence an important task in production engineering of such fields is a comprehensive accounting of their complex geology. In order to solve such problems, the authors suggest a methodological approach, which provides for a more reliable forecast of changes in reservoir pressure when constructing a geological and hydrodynamic model of a multi-layer field. Another relevant issue in the forecasting of performance parameters is accounting of rock compressibility and its impact on absolute permeability, which is the main factor defining the law of fluid filtration in the productive layer. The paper contains analysis of complex geology of a multi-layer formation at the Alpha field, results of compression test for 178 standard core samples, obtained dependencies between compressibility factor and porosity of each layer. By means of multiple regression, dependencies between permeability and a range of parameters (porosity, density, calcite and dolomite content, compressibility) were obtained, which allowed to take into account the impact of secondary processes on the formation of absolute permeability. At the final stage, efficiency of the proposed methodological approach for construction of a geological and hydrodynamic model of an oil field was assessed. An enhancement in the quality of well-by-well adaptation of main performance parameters, as well as an improvement in predictive ability of the adjusted model, was identified.
The paper is devoted to studies of the volumetric response of rocks caused by changes in their stress state. Changes in the volume of fracture and intergranular components of the pore space based on measurements of the volume of pore fluid extruded from a rock sample with an increase in its all-round compression have been experimentally obtained and analyzed. Determination of the fracture and intergranular porosity components is based on the authors' earlier proposed method of their calculation using the values of longitudinal wave velocity and total porosity. The results of experimental and analytical studies of changes in porosity and its two components (intergranular and fractured) under the action of effective stresses are considered. This approach allowed the authors to estimate the magnitude of the range of changes in the volumetric compressibility of both intergranular pores and fractures in a representative collection of 37 samples of the Vendian-age sand reservoir of the Chayanda field. The method of separate estimation of the compressibility coefficients of fractures and intergranular pores is proposed, their values and dependence on the effective pressure are experimentally obtained. It is determined that the knowledge of the values of fracture and intergranular porosity volumetric compressibility will increase the reliability of estimates of changes in petrophysical parameters of oil and gas reservoirs caused by changes in the stress state during the development of hydrocarbon fields.
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