Determining operating characteristics of co-firing processes in grate furnaces

Kozioł, J.; Kozioł, Michał

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116164

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Values of measured quantities of dependent and independent variables, before and after the reconciliation (z j ,ẑ j ) and the average values of measurement uncertainty (m j ), as well as corrections of the value (υ j ), for tests No. 1 As it can be observed in the figure above, the independent variables accounted for in the research significantly affect the observed values of instantaneous emissions as well as the total emissions. Thus, in the case of CO 2 , the total emission for the test No.…”

Section: Measurements Results Of Independent and Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Assuming six independent variables and three values of each variable, the required number of tests in compliance with the principle of "each value with one another" (the so-called complete 3-value plan) is 3 6 = 729. In order to limit the number of tests and to select appropriate and representative values of individual independent variables, the methods of planned experiment were used [1,[8][9][10]. For the detailed analyses, the so-called static determined poly-selective plan of type B was applied which requires that 51 tests are carried out for 6 independent variables.…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the individual tests, the dependent variables were measured. They comprised average, minute values of the concentrations of the flue gas components: The average, minute values of the concentrations of flue gas components were not directly used to determine the characteristics [1]. When determining the characteristics, the total emissions of flue gas components in individual tests were used.…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To forecast the effects of such a co-combustion process, for example, the emission of CO 2 , CO, NO x , SO 2 , as well as the content of combustible parts in solid products (in slag and ash), the temperature of the obtained flue gases, and the thermal efficiency of the process, we apply process characteristics [1][2][3][4][5]. They are used as analytical functional relationships between the parameters defining each of the mentioned effects and the quantities controlling the process, for example, the amount of fuels (share of waste), their composition, excess air for combustion, and the method of their supply to the process [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Application of Data Validation and Reconciliation to Improve Measurement Results in the Determination Process of Emission Characteristics in Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge with Coal

Kozioł

2021

Sustainability

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One of the actions popularized worldwide to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels is the combustion of renewable fuels and the co-combustion of both of these fuels. To properly implement combustion and co-combustion processes in power-generation installations, operational characteristics, including emission characteristics are required. To determine these characteristics, tests must be conducted, within the scope of which, for individual operating stages of the installation’s work, the readings collected from a relatively large number of control and measurement instruments should be taken into account. All these instruments have different levels of accuracy, which, among other factors, bring about lower adequacy of the characteristics determined on the basis of these measurements. The objective of this study is to present possible adaptations of data validation and reconciliation methods to increase the adequacy of emission characteristics for the process of co-combustion of fuels. The methodology is discussed based on the example of studies on the co-combustion process of sewage sludge with coal in a grate furnace. The aforementioned characteristics were determined based on measurement tests of gaseous emissions of flue gas components. The tests were carried out for various preset operational conditions of the process, such as the thickness of fuel layer on the grate, the share of sludge in the fuel, the humidity of the sludge, the theoretical ratio of excess air to combustion, and the distribution of air stream during the process. The research object is described and detailed research results concerning two exemplary measurement tests are given, as well as the most important results referring to the whole research. The performed calculations indicate the necessity to take into account often significant corrections, which can amount to about 10% of the measured value.

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Section: Measurements Results Of Independent and Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Application of Data Validation and Reconciliation to Improve Measurement Results in the Determination Process of Emission Characteristics in Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge with Coal

Kozioł

2021

Sustainability

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“…In the literature, one can find descriptions of sewage sludge combustion with the use of various technical solutions. The reports cover combustion in a circulating fluidized bed [ 9 , 10 ], bubbling fluid bed unit [ 11 ], or using the grate furnaces in stoker-fired boilers technique [ 12 , 13 ]. However, the authors of the present work propose an innovative integration of both approaches together; first, anaerobic digestion of the sludge, followed by drying and combustion of solid digestate (with or without additives).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Technological Approach for the Cyclic Nutrients Adsorption by Post-Digestion Sewage Sludge-Based Ash Co-Formed with Some Nanostructural Additives under a Circular Economy Framework

Sakiewicz

Piotrowski

Rajca

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This paper presents a new, innovative technological approach, in line with Circular Economy principles, to the effective management of sludge generated during municipal wastewater treatment processes and subsequently used for biogas production. This approach allows for optimal, functional, and controlled cascade-type biotechnological thermal conversion of carbon compounds present in sewage sludge, later in solid digestate residues (after biogas production), and finally in the ash structure (after incineration, purposefully dosed nanostructural additives make the production of a useful solid product possible, especially for cyclic adsorption and slow release of nutrients (N, P, K) in the soil). The idea is generally targeted at achieving an innovative conversion cycle under a Circular Economy framework. In particular, it is based on an energy carrier (methane biogas) and direct energy production. The functionalized combustion by-products can be advantageous in agriculture. The use of ashes with nanostructural additives (halloysite, kaolinite) from combustion of sewage sludge after the anaerobic fermentation as an adsorbent of selected nutrients important in agriculture (Na+, K+, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−, Cl−) was verified at laboratory scale. The tests were carried out both for pure ash and for the ash derived from combustion with the purposeful addition of kaolinite or halloysite. The equilibrium conditions for nitrate, potassium, sodium, phosphate(V), sulphate(VI), and chloride ions from aqueous solutions with the use of the three adsorbent structures were determined. The obtained innovative results were interpreted theoretically with adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Jovanović). The most spectacular and clearly favorable results related to the influence of nanostructural additives in the process of sludge combustion, and formation of sorption surfaces under high temperature conditions were identified in the case of sorption-based separation of phosphate(V) ions (an increase from 1.13% to 61.24% with the addition of kaolinite, and even up to 76.19% with addition of halloysite).

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Co-firing pellet of torrefied corncob and khat stem mixture with coal on combustion efficiency and parametric optimization

Daba

Hailegiorgis²

2023

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Determining operating characteristics of co-firing processes in grate furnaces

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Application of Data Validation and Reconciliation to Improve Measurement Results in the Determination Process of Emission Characteristics in Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge with Coal

Application of Data Validation and Reconciliation to Improve Measurement Results in the Determination Process of Emission Characteristics in Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge with Coal

Innovative Technological Approach for the Cyclic Nutrients Adsorption by Post-Digestion Sewage Sludge-Based Ash Co-Formed with Some Nanostructural Additives under a Circular Economy Framework

Co-firing pellet of torrefied corncob and khat stem mixture with coal on combustion efficiency and parametric optimization

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