Determining pesticide foliar half-lives from soil half-life value: Not so “cut-and-dry”

Thomas, Philippe J.; Mineau, Pierre; Juraske, Ronnie

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.05.030

“…The DFR at time t (days after application), DFR t , was calculated using a first-order degradation equation (S. Kegley, G. Keating, E. Conlisk, S. Stahlman 2013, unpublished report), adapted from Durkin et al [26]:The DT 50foliar , dislodgeable foliar half-life of the pesticide (days), was calculated according to Thomas et al [35] using the pesticide soil half-life, DT 50soil (days), as follows:The TR on a given day t after application, TR t , is calculated from the DFR available on the same day.The adult working day of 8 h was determined from the survey. Playing time for the child was determined by field observations and conversations with ENDA and FAO staff.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring pesticide ecological and health risks in West African agriculture to establish an enabling environment for sustainable intensification

Jepson

¹

,

Guzy

²

,

Blaustein

³

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We outline an approach to pesticide risk assessment that is based upon surveys of pesticide use throughout West Africa. We have developed and used new risk assessment models to provide, to our knowledge, the first detailed, geographically extensive, scientifically based analysis of pesticide risks for this region. Human health risks from dermal exposure to adults and children are severe enough in many crops to require long periods of up to three weeks when entry to fields should be restricted. This is impractical in terms of crop management, and regulatory action is needed to remove these pesticides from the marketplace. We also found widespread risks to terrestrial and aquatic wildlife throughout the region, and if these results were extrapolated to all similar irrigated perimeters in the Senegal and Niger River Basins, they suggest that pesticides could pose a significant threat to regional biodiversity. Our analyses are presented at the regional, national and village levels to promote regulatory advances but also local risk communication and management. Without progress in pesticide risk management, supported by participatory farmer education, West African agriculture provides a weak context for the sustainable intensification of agricultural production or for the adoption of new crop technologies.

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“…Indeed, up until the late 2000s, data was sparse, and for many applications it was estimated from the soil halflife or via vegetation models; approaches that would undoubtedly have had implications for the study outcomes [21][22]. Although there is now a considerable number of published studies available, and the number is increasing year on year, the data is still problematic to identify; the main issue being the amount of time needed to source the data, which is scattered within published scientific literature, and subsequently understand its variability and parameter sensitivity such that the most appropriate value can be used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Data Set of Pesticide Dissipation Rates in/on Various Plant Matrices for the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB)

Lewis¹,

Tzilivakis²

2017

Preprint

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Data relating to the rate at which pesticide active substances dissipate on or within various plant matrices are important for a range of different risk assessments; however, despite the importance of this data, dissipation rates are not included in the most common online data resources. Databases have been collated in the past, but these tend not to be maintained or regularly updated. The purpose of the exercise described herein was to collate a new database in a format compatible with the main online pesticide database resource (the Pesticide Properties Database, PPDB), to validate this database in line with the Pesticide Properties Database protocols and thus ensure that the data is maintained and updated in future. Data was collated using a systematic review approach using several scientific databases. Collated literature was subjected to a quality assessment, and then data was extracted into an MS Excel spreadsheet. The outcome of the study is a database based on data collated from 1390 published articles covering over 400 pesticides and over 200 crops across a wide variety of different matrices (leaves, fruits, seeds etc.) for pesticide residues on the crop surface, as well as residues absorbed within the plant material. This data is now fully incorporated into the PPDB.Data Set: available as a supplementary file: "Plant dissipation data August 2017.xlxs". Data Set License:This data set was made available under a CC-BY license.Keywords: pesticide dissipation; risk assessment; environmental fate SummaryData relating to the rate at which pesticide active substances dissipate or decay on or within various plant matrices (e.g., leaves, stems, seeds, fruits) are important for a range of different risk assessments. For example, dissipation rates can be used to determine when workers can safely reenter fields and glasshouses following a pesticide application [1], and may also be used to estimate the potential exposure of individuals who may come in contact with, for example, sprayed sports turf or golf greens [2,3]. Dissipation rates also have application in consumer safety. For example, these values are used in calculations for predicting residue concentrations in harvested produce and for determining the time interval needed between crop spraying and harvesting or potential processing/consumption in order to minimise residue concentrations [4,5]. Dissipation rates also have value when considering the potential risk to non-target and beneficial organisms (e.g., pollinators) that may forage or otherwise come in contact with a pesticide treated plant, as well as informing on how long the chemical is likely to offer satisfactory pest control before it decays [6][7][8]. As a consequence, plant matrix half-lives are often an important input parameter into various risk assessment models [9][10][11][12].In this context, dissipation rate is defined as the rate at which the pesticide active substance disappears from the part of the plant measured due to the combined effects of different processes Preprints (www...

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“…Despite the fact that the importance of this type of data for risk assessments has been evident for many years, the data is not routinely reported in any of the main reference sources [17][18][19][20], nor is it normally part of the data package reported and used to support the regulatory authorisation process undertaken by the European Commission, US EPA or many other regulatory bodies in the developed world where there are comprehensive and sophisticated risk assessment processes in place. Indeed, up until the late 2000s, data was sparse, and for many applications it was estimated from the soil half-life or via vegetation models; approaches that would undoubtedly have had implications for the study outcomes [21,22]. Although there is now a considerable number of published studies available, and the number is increasing year on year, the data is still problematic to identify; the main issue being the amount of time needed to source the data, which is scattered within published scientific literature, and subsequently understand its variability and parameter sensitivity such that the most appropriate value can be used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Data Set of Pesticide Dissipation Rates in/on Various Plant Matrices for the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB)

Lewis

¹

,

Tzilivakis

²

2017

Data

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data relating to the rate at which pesticide active substances dissipate on or within various plant matrices are important for a range of different risk assessments; however, despite the importance of this data, dissipation rates are not included in the most common online data resources. Databases have been collated in the past, but these tend not to be maintained or regularly updated. The purpose of the exercise described herein was to collate a new database in a format compatible with the main online pesticide database resource (the Pesticide Properties Database, PPDB), to validate this database in line with the Pesticide Properties Database protocols and thus ensure that the data is maintained and updated in future. Data was collated using a systematic review approach using several scientific databases. Collated literature was subjected to a quality assessment, and then data was extracted into an MS Excel spreadsheet. The outcome of the study is a database based on data collated from 1390 published articles covering over 400 pesticides and over 200 crops across a wide variety of different matrices (leaves, fruits, seeds etc.) for pesticide residues on the crop surface, as well as residues absorbed within the plant material. This data is now fully incorporated into the PPDB.

show abstract

Determining pesticide foliar half-lives from soil half-life value: Not so “cut-and-dry”

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Measuring pesticide ecological and health risks in West African agriculture to establish an enabling environment for sustainable intensification

Measuring pesticide ecological and health risks in West African agriculture to establish an enabling environment for sustainable intensification

Development of a Data Set of Pesticide Dissipation Rates in/on Various Plant Matrices for the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB)

Development of a Data Set of Pesticide Dissipation Rates in/on Various Plant Matrices for the Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB)

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