Determining Ten Synthetic Pyrethroids in Lettuce and Ground Meat by Using Ion-Trap Mass Spectrometry and Electron-Capture Gas Chromatography

Abstract

Conventional extraction procedures with acetonitrile were compared with supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO2 for determining 10 pyrethroids in fortified lettuce and meat samples. Because SFE utilized a minimal cleanup procedure, nonvolatiles may accumulate on the capillary column in both the gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS) and electron capture (EC) detection modes shortening the lifetime of the columns after multiple injections. The GC-ITMS method proved satisfactory for analysis of lettuce whereas EC-GC proved more suitable for residue analysis of meat samples. Improvements in multiresidue methods for monitoring of synthetic pyrethroids in raw agricultural commodities should aid in registration and reregistration activities. Keywords: SFE; insecticides; meat; fat; ion-trap

Capacitive chemical sensor for fenvalerate assay based on electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer as the sensitive layer

“…Direct methods for determination of fenvalerate are mainly based on gas chromatography (GC) [1,2,3,4], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5], or thin-layer chromatography (TLC) [6,7]. Argauer et al [8]. developed ion-trap mass spectrometry and electron-capture gas chromatography methods for determination of ten pyrethroids in fortified lettuce and meat samples.…”

Analytical methods applied to the determination of pesticide residues in foods of animal origin. A review of the past two decades

“…This procedure consists in grinding chopped samples or extracted fats several times at high speed in selected organic solvents. This technical procedure has been applied to meat and meat products [3,7,11,12,15,33,35,42,43,[68][69][70], animal fat [14,27,29,30,36], offal [25,29,41], eggs [44][45][46][47]71] and fish [31,36] for extracting different kinds of pesticides. Similarly, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is still the preferred method for extracting pesticide residues from liquid milk [10,25,29,30,35,55,57,69,70,72,73].…”

“…While pesticide compounds are mostly stored in the fat and muscle of animals, they can also reach other compartments such as the brain, liver and lungs [26]. Consequently, these chemical residues have been studied in the meat [14,27] and adipose tissue [14,28] of various species such as dairy cattle [29], beef cattle [3,12,15,[30][31][32][33][34], pigs [25,26,31,[35][36][37], sheep [34,37,38], rabbits [7], and camel [34]. Some papers have also reported on pesticide determination in offal [1,[39][40][41] and in food containing meat products, such as infant [42] and processed [6,11,43] foods.…”

Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis

“…Fat was mixed with deactivated Florisil ® and packed into a disposable column which was then stacked tandem with a C18 SPE column and eluted with ACN. Argauer et al developed a method to isolate ten pyrethroids from ground meat using SF-CO2 [382]. Rissato et al reported a SFE method that combined extraction and Florisil ® clean up of pyrethroids residues from honey samples [383].…”