Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS

Abstract

Background: The discharge of wastewater that contains high concentrations of reactive dyes is a well-known problem associated with dyestuff activities. In recent years, semiconductor photocatalysis has become more and more attractive and important since it has a great potential to contribute to such environmental problems. One of the most important aspects of environmental photocatalysis is in the selection of semiconductor materials like ZnO and TiO 2 , which are close to being two of the ideal photocatalysts in several respects. For example, they are relatively inexpensive, and they provide photo-generated holes with high oxidizing power due to their wide band gap energy. In this work, nanostructural ZnO film on the Zn foil of the Alkaline-Manganese Dioxide-Zinc Cell was fabricated to degrade EV dye. The major innovation of this paper is to obtain the degradation mechanism of ethyl violet dyes resulting from the HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analyses. Results: The fabrication of ZnO nanostructures on zinc foils with a simple solution-based corrosion strategy and the synthesis, characterization, application, and implication of Zn would be reported in this study. Other objectives of this research are to identify the reaction intermediates and to understand the detailed degradation mechanism of EV dye, as model compound of triphenylmethane dye, with active Zn metal, by HPLC-ESI-MS and GC-MS.

Structural and photocatalytic properties of co-doped hybrid ZrO2–TiO2 photocatalysts

“…The photocatalytic experiment was evaluated after the adsorption-desorption equilibrium period. However, the phenol degradation was not completely elucidated because of the increase in peaks area from HPLC analysis due to the formation and transformation of intermediates [37]. The process of phenol degradation was visualized from HPLC chromatogram which acted as an indicator for the presence of chemicals with various intermediate compounds as shown in Figs.…”

Controlled hydrothermal synthesis of BiOxCly/BiOmIn composites exhibiting visible-light photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet

“…These results indicated that Cl − and I − were gradually displaced by OH − as the pH value gradually increased. The pH value was gradually increased to obtain Bi 4 The higher the pH value was, the lower the Cl − (or I − ) content of the products was. Finally, the Cl − (or I − ) ions in the products were fully replaced by OH − ions, resulting in the formation of ␣-Bi 2 O 3 under strong basic conditions.…”

“…In recent years, photocatalytic processes have been successfully used to degrade TPM dye pollutants [4]. Crystal violet (CV) decomposition has been studied using several systems that generate active species, including Bi x Ag y O z [5], Bi 2 WO 6 [6], TiO 2 [7], ZnO [8], and BaTiO 3 [9].…”

Erratum to: Determining the degradation efficiency and mechanisms of ethyl violet using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS and GC-MS

“…Wen-Hsin Chung has requested that his name is removed from the original article [1] because the article was submitted without his permission.…”