Determining the Effects of Rh-Wma on the Engineering Properties of Bitumen

Mohammed, Khansaa Mahmoud; Abdalla, Ibrahim Khalid; Mohammed, Ameen Hadi; Badri, Khairiah Haji; Ibrahim, Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi; Rosyidi, Sri Atmaja P.; Abdullah, Mohd Ezree; Yusoff, Nur Izzi Md.

doi:10.11113/jt.v81.12467

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Figure 9 shows an Arrhenius plot of (Rp). The overall activation energy of polymerization of IPAM was calculated to be 46.11 kJ mol -1 , which is significantly lower than that of typical acrylate monomers 18,19 . observed in the polymerization of methylacetylaminoacrylate 22 .…”

Section: Overall Activation Energy Of Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Kinetic Study of Polymerization Isopropylacrylamide in Aqueous Solution

2023

Baghdad Sci.J

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An experimental of kinetics investigation of the solution free radical polymerization of isopropylacrylamide (IPAM) initiated with potassium persulfate (PPS) was conducted. The reactions were carried out at constant temperature of 60 °C in distilled water under unstirred and inert conditions. Using the well-known conversion vs. time technique, the effects of initiator and monomer concentration on the rate of polymerization (Rp) were investigated over a wide range. Under the conditions of our work, the orders 0.38 and 1.68 were found with respect to initiator and monomer, respectively. However, the rate of polymerization (Rp) is not straight forwardly corresponding monomer concentration. The value 46.11 kJ mol -1 was determined as the overall activation energy of polymerization, which is not satisfactory with the value of most thermal initiated monomers. Rp for IPAM in dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and distilled water using PPS as initiator at 60 o C, was checked. An increase in solvent polarity has slightly increased (Rp) value. The effect of using different concentrations of PPS 0.001, 0.002, 0.003 and 0.004 mol dm -3 , on the average degree of polymerization (DPn), was also studied, based on viscosity results obtained using distilled water at 20 o C. The results revealed that an increase in the initiator concentration has an effect in lowering (DP) values.

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Section: Overall Activation Energy Of Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Kinetic Study of Polymerization Isopropylacrylamide in Aqueous Solution

2023

Baghdad Sci.J

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“…Common examples include primary radical termination and degradative chain transfer (147), which give rise to exponent < 0.5. A situation may also arise when the order of dependence of R, on [1] will be greater than 0.5 [14].…”

Section: Determination Of the Rate Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical Polymerization Kinetics of Hexyl Methacrylate in Dimethylsulfoxide Solution

Hala Rahman Noormohamad,

Ameen Hadi Mohammed

2023

IHJPAS

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In this study, we conducted a series of polymerization studies of hexyl methacrylate in dimethyl sulfoxide with (0.1 - 0.4) mol dm-3 of monomer and (1 10-3 – 4 10-3) mol dm-3 of benzoyl peroxide as initiators at 70 °C. Using the well-known conversion vs. time technique, the effects of initiator and monomer concentration on the rate of polymerization (Rp) were studied. An initiator of order 0.35 was obtained in accordance with theory and a divergence from normal kinetics was detected with an order of 1.53 with respect to monomer concentration. The activation energy was determined to be (72.90) kJ mol-1, which does not correspond to the value of most thermally initiated monomers. The observed value of activation energy suggests that propagation and termination reactions have equal activation energy and the difference between them is nearly zero. The average degree of polymerization (DPn) decreased as benzoyl peroxide concentration increase whereas an increase in solvent polarity has slightly increased rate of polymerization value.

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