Determining the Extent of Frost Damage in Maize Seed Using the Tetrazolium Test

DeVries, Mindy; Goggi, A. Susana

doi:10.1094/cm-2006-0414-01-rs

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Instances are most likely in seasons with delayed plantings or replanting and where accumulated seasonal heat units are less than required to achieve physiological maturity for a hybrid (Hicks et al., 1976). Quantifying the effect of late‐season killing frosts during grain filling has been employed experimentally using cold chambers to prematurely terminate ears (Aboul‐Ela, 1952; DeVries & Goggi, 2006; DeVries et al., 2007). Other researchers simulated “frost” events through controlled defoliation without employing temperature adjustments (Afuakwa & Crookston, 1984) or relied on natural events (Hicks et al., 1976; Major & Schaalje, 1985; Wiersma et al., 1993), but application of a chemical desiccant prior to maturity (Gesch et al., 2021; Zhao et al., 2020) may also provide insight into this condition.…”

Section: Cold Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One point to note is that all of this assessment related to yield has taken place prior to 1985, and these relationships in modern hybrids may be of value to re‐assess in future work (Xu et al., 2021). More recent work has examined the effect of killing frosts on seed quality; for ears harvested at 500–550 g·kg −1 moisture content, seed quality declines were observed in both germination and vigor assays (Aboul‐Ela, 1952; DeVries & Goggi, 2006; DeVries et al., 2007; Rossman, 1949). Test weight reductions were more evident when corn was terminated at the soft dough or early dent stage (R4 stage to early R5) (Rankin, 2009; Robinson, 1934).…”

Section: Cold Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Lindsey,

Ortez,

Thomison

et al. 2024

Crop Science

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Adverse weather conditions from acute events (e.g., storms causing lodging, flooding, or hail) or short‐duration weather patterns (i.e., periods of cold events; extended waterlogged field conditions) can result in yield losses, though management practices may play key roles in aiding with crop recovery or avoidance of these stress events. This review summarizes current knowledge (with emphasis placed on the US Midwest) related to corn response to short‐term weather stresses of (i) cold temperature, (ii) excess water, (iii) hail/defoliation damage, and (iv) wind damage. Each section presents summaries of how corn growth and yield are affected, provides context into past events experienced, identifies agronomic or production recommendations to correct or alleviate the stress condition, and proposes areas where future research is needed. This review also highlights challenges associated with controlled simulation work on these stressors, and also identifies key areas to expand future research efforts. In general, yield losses associated with strong storms and short‐term weather events often ranged from 5% to 35%, but extreme cases could result in up to 80%–100% yield loss. Much of the literature on these topics was published prior to 1995, though it still forms the basis for modern agronomic guidance, which is problematic given the changes in agriculture in the last 20 years in management practices, available genetics and technologies, and changing environmental conditions. Revisiting these foundational studies and expanding them to examine current and future weather conditions are critical for better informing agronomic recommendations, for devising mitigation strategies, and for determining accurate yield loss expectations following these stresses.

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Section: Cold Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cold Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Lindsey,

Ortez,

Thomison

et al. 2024

Crop Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The tetrazolium test has also been used to predict the germination and vigor of a seed lot after storage (DeVries, 2006). These predictions were best when the tetrazolium test was used to predict other seed quality tests performed simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tetrazolium test is more labor intensive than traditional germination tests and requires trained analysts to perform the evaluations. One of the benefits of performing the tetrazolium test is that damage can be assessed within 24 hours rather than the typical seedling growth period of 7 to 8 days in a germination test (DeVries, 2006). The tetrazolium test is a tool that can be used early on to identify damages in corn seed.…”

Section: Tetrazolium Testing Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the extent of seed dryer damage in corn (Zea mays L.) seed using the tetrazolium test and other seed quality tests

Daufeldt

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The effects of treatments with selected pesticides on viability and vigour of maize (Zea mays) seeds and seedling emergence in the presence ofFusarium graminearum

Aveling¹,

Govender²,

Kandolo³

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Sci.

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SUMMARYThe quality of seed is dependent on two very broad aspects: how healthy (disease-free) a seed is and its field performance (germination and vigour). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pesticidal seed treatments of maize (Zea mays L.) on seed germination and vigour, and on greenhouse emergence in the presence of Fusarium graminearum Schw. Maize seeds were treated with four pesticides: Apron ® XL (metalaxyl), Thiram (thiram), Celest ® XL (fludioxonil, metalaxyl) and Apron ® Star 42 WS (thiamethoxam, metalaxyl, difenoconazole). Viability and vigour of the treated seeds were determined. Thereafter, seeds were planted under greenhouse conditions. The control consisted of water-treated seeds. None of the pesticides reduced the standard germination under laboratory conditions and none had any effect on the quantity of leachate (measured as conductivity) or moisture content of the seeds. The different treatments also had no effect on germination or on seedling weight increase among treatments after rapid imbibition and there was no difference in germination among treatments following the cold test. The proportion of diseased plants harvested from F. graminearum inoculated soil was significantly reduced by Apron ® Star 42 WS and Celest ® XL. The vigour tests indicated that none of the pesticides tested affected the seeds negatively and that plant biomass in the presence of the pathogen, F. graminearum, was increased after the application of the pesticides to the seeds, with the exception of seeds treated with Apron ® XL.

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Determining the Extent of Frost Damage in Maize Seed Using the Tetrazolium Test

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Determining the extent of seed dryer damage in corn (Zea mays L.) seed using the tetrazolium test and other seed quality tests

The effects of treatments with selected pesticides on viability and vigour of maize (Zea mays) seeds and seedling emergence in the presence ofFusarium graminearum

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