Determining the gluonic gravitational form factors of the proton

Duran, B.; Meziani, Z. E.; Joosten, S.; Jones, M.; Prasad, Sidharth Kumar; Peng, C.; Armstrong, W.; Atac, H.; Chudakov, E.; Bhatt, H.; Bhetuwal, D.; Boër, M.; Camsonne, A.; Chen, Jen‐Ping; Dalton, M. M.; Deokar, N; Diefenthaler, M.; Dunne, J.; Fassi, L. El; Fuchey, E.; H, Gao; Gaskell, D.; Hansen, J. O.; Hauenstein, F.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Jia, S.; Karki, A.; Keppel, C.; P, King; Ko, H.-S.; Li, X.; Li, R; Mack, D.; Malace, S.; McCaughan, M.; McClellan, Randall Evan; Michaels, R.; Meekins, D.; Paolone, M.; Pentchev, L.; Pooser, E.; Puckett, A. J. R.; Radloff, Robert; Rehfuss, Melanie; Reimer, P. E.; Riordan, S.; Sawatzky, B.; Smith, A. M.; Sparveris, N.; Szumila-Vance, Holly; Wood, S. A.; Xie, Junqi; Ye, Z.; Yero, C.; Zhao, Zhiwen

doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05730-4

Cited by 57 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…One finds that the results obtained for gluon D-form factor in this work is comparable with that obtained from the LQCD computations, while the values of are slightly bigger than the LQCD results slightly. We have also compared the gluon D-form factor with the quark counterparts extracted from the DVCS experiment, and as a result, the gluon and quark D-form factor are approximately comparable, which is in agreement with numerous previous studies [4,9,10].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…where the constraint is the consequence of momentum conservation [1,35]. Moreover, the gluon contribution was obtained from CT18 global QCD analysis [36] and agrees with other LQCD results [10,37,38]. Therefore, the parameter in is fixed in this study, and is a free parameter determined by fitting experimental data.…”

Section: J/ψsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…[11] using the latest differential cross section data. The obtained gluon GFFs are compared to that of the holographic QCD, GPD+VMD approach, and LQCD [9][10][11][12]19], as presented in Table 1. Notably, our results are comparable to that of holographic QCD determination and LQCD calculation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Fig. 3, the values of gluon A-form factor (red dashed curve) and gluon D-form factor (blue solid curve) are compared with the LQCD determinations [10]. Here, the errors of parameters , , and include all uncertainties of and .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference [8] demonstrated the pressure, energy density, and mechanical radius of the nucleon in light-cone QCD sum rule formalism. Conversely, the distributions of pressure and shear forces inside the proton are investigated with lattice QCD calculations [3,9,10], enhancing our understanding of the proton GFFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gluon gravitational form factors of protons from charmonium photoproduction*

2023

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Inspired by the recent near-threshold J/ψ photoproduction measurements, we discuss gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) and internal properties of the proton. This work presents a complete set analysis of the proton gluon GFFs connecting the gluon part of the energy-momentum tensor and the heavy quarkonium pho toproduction. In particular, the gluon GFFs as functions of the squared momentum transfer t are determined by a global fitting of the J/ψ differential and total cross section experimental data. Combined with the quark contributions to the D-term form factor extracted from the deeply virtual Compton scattering experiment, the total D-term are obtained to investigate their applications for the description of the proton mechanical properties. These researches provide a unique perspective for studying the proton gluon GFFs and important information for improving QCD constraints on the gluon GFFs. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Article funded by SCOAP3 and published under licence by Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%