Determining the Orientation and Interfacial Stress Transfer of Boron Nitride Nanotube Composite Fibers for Reinforced Polymeric Materials

Chang, Huibin; Lu, Mingxuan; Arias‐Monje, Pedro J.; Luo, Jeffrey; Park, Cheol; Kumar, Satish

doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b01573

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Polyimide composites containing strain‐aligned BNNTs demonstrate piezoelectric coefficients up to 4.81 pm V −1 , [ 13 ] and nanoporous BNNT thin films are predicted to possess piezoelectric responses competitive with commercial piezoelectric polymers. [ 14 ] Of particular interest are stretchable BNNT composites which are optimal for use as flexible thermal interconnects [ 15 ] and platforms for strain aligning nanotubes [ 16 ] to augment mechanical, [ 17 ] thermal, [ 18 ] and piezoelectric properties. [ 13,19 ]…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 27 ] Finally, analysis of the fracture surface of BNNT/PDMS composites, pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere, on which the PDMS surface is eaten away while BNNTs are preserved, indicates that following the dispersion process, the average length of the exposed BNNT is at least 1.5 ± 1.1 µm (Figure S5, Supporting Information). While this length is smaller than the length of as‐synthesized tubes, it is longer than tubes dispersed via sonication [ 17 ] and is likely an underestimation of BNNT length as BNNTs are only partially exposed during pyrolysis (see Sample Pyrolysis in the Supporting Information). This combination of constant absorptivity, unfurled individual tubes, large tube length, and uniform distribution of isolated tubes indicates the developed dispersion process is effective and non‐destructive.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…to augment mechanical, [17] thermal, [18] and piezoelectric properties. [13,19] Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is an ideal matrix material for stretchable BNNT composites with applications in wearable electronics and energy harvesters due to its high compliance, permitting piezoelectricity-driven flexure, and chemical robustness, ensuring a heat and solvent compatible composite.…”

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Tunable Piezoelectricity of Multifunctional Boron Nitride Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Stretchable Composites

et al. 2020

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Multifunctional piezoelectric materials with controllable mechanical and thermal properties could enable the next generation of soft interconnect materials, energy harvesters, and health monitors. [1] Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) possess unique properties that have piqued the interest of the broader research community as the basis for these multifunctional materials. [2] BNNTs exhibit high mechanical strength, possessing a Young's modulus (Y) as high as 1.3 TPa [3] which outperforms most structural materials. BNNTs also show enhanced thermal properties including extreme thermal stability in air (>800 °C) [4] and thermal conductivity competitive with carbon nanotubes (CNT) [5] which, when combined with their electrically insulating nature, may enable the development of novel thermally conductive, electrically insulating materials. [6] Of particular interest are BNNTs' piezoelectric properties, [7] arising from polarization due to the electronegativity difference between boron and nitrogen atoms, which is predicted to result in the generation of a coupled electric dipole in response to deformation. [8] With the advent of techniques to produce large volumes of BNNTs such as the high temperature pressure (HTP) method, [9,10] interest has shifted to production of ensembles of BNNTs which translate the nanoscale properties of BNNTs to macroscale systems. The most widely employed technique to produce functional structures of BNNTs is suspension in a matrix material to form a functional composite. For instance, the dispersion of BNNTs in soft polymers has been shown to augment mechanical properties, nearly doubling the compressive modulus of polyurethane. [11] Similarly, BNNTs can be added to thermally insulating materials to enhance thermal conductivity, with addition of BNNTs to polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) enhancing thermal conductivity by 2100%. [12] Most saliently, BNNT/polymer composites represent the first realization of BNNT piezoelectricity at the macroscale. Polyimide composites containing strainaligned BNNTs demonstrate piezoelectric coefficients up to 4.81 pm V −1 , [13] and nanoporous BNNT thin films are predicted to possess piezoelectric responses competitive with commercial piezoelectric polymers. [14] Of particular interest are stretchable BNNT composites which are optimal for use as flexible thermal interconnects [15] and platforms for strain aligning nanotubes [16] Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) uniformly dispersed in stretchable materials, such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), could create the next generation of composites with augmented mechanical, thermal, and piezoelectric characteristics. This work reports tunable piezoelectricity of multifunctional BNNT/PDMS stretchable composites prepared via co-solvent blending with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to disperse BNNTs in PDMS while avoiding sonication or functionalization. The resultant stretchable BNNT/PDMS composites demonstrate augmented Young's modulus (200% increase at 9 wt% BNNT) and thermal conductivity (120% increase at 9 wt% BNNT) without losin...

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Tunable Piezoelectricity of Multifunctional Boron Nitride Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Stretchable Composites

et al. 2020

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“…To clarify how the cross-linking density and cross-linking inhomogeneity affect the mechanical properties, the load transfer efficiency and chain segment mobility of GESNH with different cross-linking networks were further investigated by Raman analysis and the WLF equation. The shift rate of the Raman D′ band (1340 cm –1 ) with strain can reflect the load transfer efficiency. , As indicated in Figure a and Table , the absolute value of the shift rate of the D′ band ( k Raman ) was determined to be 1.92, 2.63, 2.94, 3.5, and 4.35 cm –1 ·% –1 for GNH, GESNH-1, GESNH-2, GESNH-3, and GESNH-4. It is indicated that the load transfer efficiency of GESNH is higher than that of GNH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

New Strategy to Construct Mechanically Strong and Tough Phenolic Networks by Considering the Effect of Curing Reactions and Physical States on the Cross-Linking Density and Cross-Linking Inhomogeneity

Lei

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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How to regulate the conflicting effect of cross-linking density and crosslinking inhomogeneity on the mechanical properties of a thermosetting polymer is of great scientific significance and the key to realizing high mechanical strength and toughness. Herein, a new regulation strategy for the inhomogeneous cross-linking networks is proposed from the viewpoint of curing reactions and physical states. Here, a reactive graphene oxide aerogel (GES) was prepared and employed to modify the hierarchical microstructure of phenolic resin (GESNH). The analysis of curing behavior, DMA, and DQ 1 H NMR revealed that all GESNH samples possess similar cross-linking networks with like biomimetic "bricks in mortar" structure of a low cross-linking density, bulk phenolic networks, and an interfacial phase with a high cross-linking density but with diversely tuned cross-linking density and cross-linking inhomogeneity. As for GESNH cured at 130 °C or that reached the vitrification state in the first curing stage, the volume fraction of the interfacial phase was increased and the "bricks in mortar" structure was decreased, thus increasing cross-linking density and decreasing cross-linking inhomogeneity, compared with GESNH cured at 100 °C or that reached the gelation state. As a result, a higher cross-linking density and lower cross-linking inhomogeneity of the former can facilitate load transfer and restrict chain segment mobility, resulting in improved flexural and tensile strength but decreased ε and K IC. Notably, the flexural strength, tensile strength, ε, and K IC of GESNH-3 were increased by 23.16, 45.85, 82.99, and 102.30% compared with those of GNH, respectively.

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“…Polarized Raman spectra of that same BNNT fiber show a strong peak of BNNT at around 1370 cm −1 (Fig. 4f ), which corresponds to the transverse optical A1 vibrational mode 41 , 42 . The intensity of the 1370 cm −1 band is shown to be polarization-dependent, which is consistent with BNNT alignment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Liquid crystals of neat boron nitride nanotubes and their assembly into ordered macroscopic materials

et al. 2022

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Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) have attracted attention for their predicted extraordinary properties; yet, challenges in synthesis and processing have stifled progress on macroscopic materials. Recent advances have led to the production of highly pure BNNTs. Here we report that neat BNNTs dissolve in chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) and form birefringent liquid crystal domains at concentrations above 170 ppmw. These tactoidal domains merge into millimeter-sized regions upon light sonication in capillaries. Cryogenic electron microscopy directly shows nematic alignment of BNNTs in solution. BNNT liquid crystals can be processed into aligned films and extruded into neat BNNT fibers. This study of nematic liquid crystals of BNNTs demonstrates their ability to form macroscopic materials to be used in high-performance applications.

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Determining the Orientation and Interfacial Stress Transfer of Boron Nitride Nanotube Composite Fibers for Reinforced Polymeric Materials

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Tunable Piezoelectricity of Multifunctional Boron Nitride Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Stretchable Composites

Tunable Piezoelectricity of Multifunctional Boron Nitride Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Stretchable Composites

New Strategy to Construct Mechanically Strong and Tough Phenolic Networks by Considering the Effect of Curing Reactions and Physical States on the Cross-Linking Density and Cross-Linking Inhomogeneity

Liquid crystals of neat boron nitride nanotubes and their assembly into ordered macroscopic materials

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