Determining the sources of fine-grained sediment using the Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT)

Sanisaca, Lillian E. Gorman; Gellis, Allen C.; Lorenz, David L.

doi:10.3133/ofr20171062

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(25 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An error analysis through a Monte‐Carlo simulation is then used to examine sensitivity of the results. More information on the statistical procedures can be found in Gorman Sanisaca et al ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bank‐derived material dominates fluvial sediment in a suburban Chesapeake Bay watershed

Cashman

Gellis

Sanisaca

et al. 2018

River Research & Apps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Excess fine sediment is a leading cause of ecological degradation within the Chesapeake Bay watershed. To effectively target sediment mitigation measures, it is necessary to identify and quantify the delivery of sediment sources to local waterbodies. This study examines the contributions of sediment sources within Upper Difficult Run, a suburbanized watershed in Fairfax County, Virginia. A source sediment library was constructed from stream banks, forest soils, and road dust. Target sediments were collected from fine channel deposits and suspended sediment during 16 storm events from 2008 to 2012. Apportionment of targets to sources was performed using Sed_SAT, a publicly available toolkit for sediment fingerprinting. Bed sediment was dominated by stream bank material (mean: 98%), with minor contributions from forests (2%). Suspended fine sediments were also dominated by stream banks (suspended sediment concentration‐weighted mean: 91%), with minor contributions from roads (8%) and forests (<1%). Stream banks dominated at all discharges, and on the rising limb and at peak flow, sediment concentrations increased due to bank material rather than surface erosion. Sediment budget data indicated that direct bank erosion was insufficient to account for the suspended load derived from stream banks. However, bank‐derived sediment re‐mobilized from in‐channel storage could account for this difference and, combined, resulted in a sediment delivery ratio of 0.847 for all bank‐derived sediments. Results demonstrate that stream bank erosion is responsible for the majority of fine sediment in this suburban watershed of the Chesapeake Bay drainage area. Thus, management actions to control upland sources of sediment may have limited effect on the sediment conditions of Upper Difficult Run, whereas efforts focusing on bank stabilization, channel restoration, and/or stormwater management to reduce bank erosion may improve the ecological condition of these waterbodies.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bracket test bounds for conservativeness were set to ±10%. See text for justification of the program selection, and Gorman Sanisaca, Gellis, and Lorenz () for full details about the Sed_SAT steps and parameters. Dashes (“–“) indicate tracer exclusion at a previous step in the analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bank‐derived material dominates fluvial sediment in a suburban Chesapeake Bay watershed

Cashman

Gellis

Sanisaca

et al. 2018

River Research & Apps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sed_SAT is written in the statistical language R (R Core Team ) using a Microsoft Access ® interface that assists the user to step through all statistical steps to apportion sediment (Gorman Sanisaca et al. ). Each target sample was run through Sed_SAT individually, using the default settings, to determine the sediment contribution from each land use per event.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Sed_SAT, the ability of the final set of tracers selected to apportion sediment is evaluated by: (1) the confusion matrix, (2) the source verification test (SVT), and (3) a Monte Carlo analysis (Gorman Sanisaca et al. ). The confusion matrix is produced in stepwise DFA and describes the percent of source samples correctly predicted for each group vs. the actual number of source samples in each group (Kohavi and Provost ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sediment Fingerprinting to Delineate Sources of Sediment in the Agricultural and Forested Smith Creek Watershed, Virginia, USA

Gellis

Sanisaca

2018

J American Water Resour Assoc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sediment fingerprinting approach was used to apportion fine‐grained sediment to cropland, pasture, forests, and streambanks in the agricultural and forested Smith Creek, watershed, Virginia. Smith Creek is a showcase study area in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, where management actions to reduce nutrients and sediment are being monitored. Analyses of suspended sediment at the downstream and upstream sampling sites indicated streambanks were the major source of sediment (76% downstream and 70% upstream). Current management strategies proposed to reduce sediment loadings for Smith Creek do not target streambanks as a source of sediment, whereas the results of this study indicate that management strategies to reduce sediment loads in Smith Creek may be effective if directed toward managing streambank erosion. The results of this study also highlight the utility of sediment fingerprinting as a management tool to identify sediment sources.

show abstract

Phosphorus sources, forms, and abundance as a function of streamflow and field conditions in a Maumee River tributary, 2016–2019

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Total phosphorus (TP), dissolved P (DP), and suspended sediment (SS) were sampled in Black Creek, Indiana, monthly during base flow and for 100 storm events during water years 2016-2019, enabling analysis of how each of these varied as a function of streamflow and field conditions at nested edge-of-field sites. Particulate P was normalized for SS (P SS = [TP − DP]/SS). Streamflow events were differentiated by maximum TP concentrations co-occurring with maximum SS (SED) or DP (SOL). The combination of new precipitation and high antecedent soil-water storage during months when fields were exposed coincided with higher streamflow that drove SED events. These SED events carried more SS, including sediment eroded from streambanks that added sediment P but also may have provided for sorption of DP. During SOL events, DP was higher and contributed approximately half of TP; SS was lower. These SOL events had higher P SS , more similar to that in base flow as well as composited samples of overland flow and tile-drain discharge from fields. Baseflow samples had significantly higher P SS concentrations than most event samples, with ≤25 times enrichment relative to soil P concentrations in fine-grained source material. Combining base-flow and event samples showed that P SS integrates SS, DP, and streamflow. Addition of new suspended sediment during events may provide for sorption of DP during and after events and storage in the system, delaying delivery of this P to Lake Erie relative to what would be expected for the dissolved form but adding to the legacy P stored in the stream system.Abbreviations: DP, dissolved phosphorus; HAB, harmful algal bloom; max-TP, event sample that had the maximum total phosphorus concentration for that event; P SS , particulate phosphorus normalized for suspended sediment; SED, event with maximum total phosphorus sample concentration co-occurring with maximum suspended sediment concentration; SOL, event with maximum total phosphorus sample concentration co-occurring with maximum dissolved phosphorus concentration; SS, suspended sediment; TOC, total organic carbon; TP, total phosphorus; WLEB, western Lake Erie Basin; WY, water year.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

show abstract

Determining the sources of fine-grained sediment using the Sediment Source Assessment Tool (Sed_SAT)

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Bank‐derived material dominates fluvial sediment in a suburban Chesapeake Bay watershed

Bank‐derived material dominates fluvial sediment in a suburban Chesapeake Bay watershed

Sediment Fingerprinting to Delineate Sources of Sediment in the Agricultural and Forested Smith Creek Watershed, Virginia, USA

Phosphorus sources, forms, and abundance as a function of streamflow and field conditions in a Maumee River tributary, 2016–2019

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About