“…In the extant literature, various studies were carried out by conducting the word association test (Bahar & Özatlı, 2003;Bahar, Johnstone, & Sutcliffe, 1999;Cardellini & Bahar, 2000;Cachapuz & Maskill, 1987;Çiftçi, 2009;Deveci, Çengelci Köse, & Gürdoğan Bayır, 2014;Ercan, Taşdere, & Ercan, 2010;Gough, 1976;Johnstone & Moynihan, 1985;Kaya & Akış, 2015;Şimşek, 2013;Tokcan & Yiter, 2017;Yel, Çetin, & İnel, 2019). In addition, various studies have been conducted on the concept of energy in the literature (Akbulut, 2008;Aladağ, Tapur, & Duran, 2018;Amador Amador, Carbonero Rosales, & Jarquin Cabrera, 2021;Atılgan, 2000;Ay & Tokcan, 2019;Aydın, 2010;Bilginoğlu, 1991;Çolak, Kaymakçı, & Akpınar, 2015;Çukurçayır & Sağır, 2008;Dikmenli, Öztürk Demirbaş, & Gafa, 2019;Haskök, 2005;Kantemir, 2003;Kar, 2021;Kaygusuz, 1999;Koç & Kaya, 2015;Önder, 2001;Pamir, 2002;Tokcan, 2017;Tokcan & Topkaya, 2018;Uslu, 2004;Yıldırım & Örnek, 2007;Yel & Çetin, 2020). However, there are no similar studies conducted on the concept of energy at high school level.…”