Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part I: Theory

Caratelli, Diego; Toso, Giovanni; Stukach, Oleg V.; Panokin, Nikolay V.

doi:10.1109/tap.2019.2916661

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The use of global minimization techniques, such as stochastic evolutionary algorithms [20]- [25], allows asymptotically obtaining the optimal solution of the problem but at the expense of a significant synthesis time that increases exponentially as the number of unknowns becomes large [26], [27]. In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, the deterministic synthesis methodology presented in Part I of this paper [28] can be used. In this way, by making judicious use of the auxiliary array pattern (AAP) theory [29]- [31], the design problem can be reduced to a convex routine, with the inherent advantages in terms of computational time and solution optimality.…”

Section: Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the Nyquist-theorem-based criterion detailed in [28], it can be found out that the optimal number of discrete antenna elements to be integrated along the array aperture is N a = 30. The resulting antenna excitation coefficients obtained by sampling of the functions in (4) and (5) are shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Constrained Design Of a Conformal Isoflux Antenna Array 1) Design Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part II: Applications

Caratelli

Toso

Stukach

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:

show abstract

Section: Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Constrained Design Of a Conformal Isoflux Antenna Array 1) Design Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part II: Applications

Caratelli

Toso

Stukach

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The array synthesis can be achieved by controlling the excitations' amplitudes and phases and the positions of the array elements either with uniform or nonuniform spacing. Different synthesis techniques of linear antenna arrays (LAAs) have been introduced in [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In [1], a hybrid technique between the method of moments (MoM) and the Genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to synthesize both pencil beam and shaped beam patterns using minimum numbers of antenna elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, synthesizable pure real element spacing is obtained. As the computational time saving evaluates the performance of the antenna array synthesis, therefore efficient use of the auxiliary array pattern (AAP) theory has been discussed in [5]. It has the advantages of computational time saving and achieving an optimal solution by reducing the design problem to a convex routine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pencil and Shaped Beam Patterns Synthesis Using a Hybrid GA/l₁ Optimization and Its Application to Improve Spectral Efficiency of Massive MIMO Systems

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The synthesis of pencil beam and arbitrarily shaped beam patterns of linear antenna arrays (LAA) using reduced number of antenna elements attracts the attention of researchers in recent years. In this paper, a hybrid beamforming technique based on the combination of the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization technique and the 1 minimization method denoted as (GA/ 1) is introduced for LAAs synthesis. The proposed GA/ 1 beamforming technique optimizes both the elements excitations and interelement spacing to synthesize the desired LAA pattern with a minimum number of antenna elements. The GA/ 1 technique provides an excellent approximation to the desired radiation pattern with high accuracy and low complexity (less number of iterations and computational time) compared to the other synthesis approaches introduced in the literature. In addition, as an application of this work, the proposed GA/ 1 technique is used to build up a proposed hybrid precoding and beamforming (HP-BF) structure for Massive Multi-input Multi-output (M-MIMO) systems. In this structure, the transmit antenna array is synthesized for maximum gain realization using the existing number of antenna elements. In the HP-BF structure, the proposed GA/ 1 technique is used to make full use of the existing transmit array elements to synthesize the radiation pattern of much larger size and higher gain arrays without the need for additional elements. Thereby, significant savings in the number of antenna elements and their corresponding radio frequency (RF) chains are achieved, which reduces the system complexity. In addition, the array gain maximization will maximize the received signal to noise ratio (SNR) giving rise to higher system performance in terms of spectral efficiency (SE) and power utilization. INDEX TERMS Array synthesis, analog phase shifters, hybrid precoding and beamforming structure, Massive Multi-input Multi-output, millimeter waves, spectral efficiency, uniform linear array.

show abstract

“…The RFFE is based on the same circuitry of the FE with the addition of the up/down conversion stage9 This is estimated for a single 60-GHz chip. For this system to work, a Master-slave needs to be used (with at least two chips), though it can be based on one master for N slaves10 This paper presents the BFIC measurements for different temperatures, the values reported in the table are for 25 • C. For 105 • the circuit presents a NF <12dB, a Psat of 6.5 dBm and a RX P DC /ch of 140 mW11 The paper presents two diffrent chip configurations, with 16TX/8RX and 8TX/16RX12 The paper presents two separate chips, a transmitter with 16 TX channels, and a receiver with 32 RX channels…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Framework for Beamforming Integrated Circuits Operating at Mm-Wave Frequencies

Theis¹,

Song²,

Federico³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to cope with the needs of fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks and beyond, phasedarray antenna systems operating at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies will be required. This makes the system design very complex. In order to create insight and agility in the design process, we propose a framework that visualises the requirements and trade-offs of 5G-and-beyond systems. Our literature survey uses this framework to compare state-of-the-art papers on Silicon-based beamforming integrated circuits (BFICs) operating in the mm-wave band. Three use-cases are analyzed: Base-stations (BSs), Gateways (GtWs) and User Terminals (UTs). Based on the framework, we explore which implementation fits best with each use-cases. In UT, space and power consumption are the main constraints. For BSs, the main constraint is in output power and noise figure (NF). Finally, in GtW applications there is more flexibility as it has a larger footprint than UT but doesn't necessarily need to cover the same link-budget constraints of BSs. One of the identified limitations throughout all the cases is the heat generation, which is seen as a major bottleneck in mm-wave phased arrays. Only a few of the references show proper modelling and simulations for heat transfer of the realized BFICs. Finally, a limitation in the BFICs is the output power. In order to realize a mm-wave link at least 13 dBm would be required at the input of each antenna element. Only few references meet this criterion, and only at saturation. Further, in order to achieve more than 13 dBm in back-off operation a higher power density would be required. This would imply a further increase of heat generation in the system.

show abstract

Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part I: Theory

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part II: Applications

Deterministic Constrained Synthesis Technique for Conformal Aperiodic Linear Antenna Arrays—Part II: Applications

Pencil and Shaped Beam Patterns Synthesis Using a Hybrid GA/l₁ Optimization and Its Application to Improve Spectral Efficiency of Massive MIMO Systems

A Design Framework for Beamforming Integrated Circuits Operating at Mm-Wave Frequencies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About