Deterministic Modeling of Urban Runoff Quality

Huber, Wayne C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70889-3_8

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Huber (1986) and Bedient and Huber (1988). Based on Huber (1986), single event simulation uses short simulation times (i.e. of a few hours), short time steps (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Runoff quality prediction from small urban catchments using SWMM

Tsihrintzis

Hamid²

1998

Hydrol. Process.

174

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Abstract:The RUNOFF block of EPA's storm water management model (SWMM) was used to simulate the quantity and quality of urban storm water runo from four relatively small sites (i.e. 5 . 97±23 . 56 ha) in South Florida, each with a speci®c predominant land use (i.e. low density residential, high density residential, highway and commercial). The objectives of the study were to test the applicability of this model in small subtropical urban catchments and provide modellers with a way to select appropriate input parameters to be used in planning studies. A total of 58 storm events, measured by the US Geological Survey (USGS), provided hyetographs, hydrographs and pollutant loadings for biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), total suspended solids (TSS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and lead (Pb), and were used for calibration of the model. Several other catchment characteristics, also measured or estimated by USGS, were used in model input preparation. Application of the model was done using the Green±Ampt equation for in®ltration loss computation, a pollutant accumulation equation using a power build-up equation dependent on the number of dry days, and a power wash-o equation dependent on the predicted runo rate. Calibrated quantity input parameters are presented and compared with suggested values in the literature. The impervious depression storage was generally found to be the most sensitive calibration parameter, followed by the Manning's roughness coecients of conduit and overland¯ow, the Green±Ampt in®ltration parameters and, ®nally, the pervious depression storage. Calibrated quality input parameters are presented in the form of regression equations, as a function of rainfall depth and the number of antecedent dry days. A total of 16 independent rainfall events were used for veri®cation of the model, which showed a good comparison with observed data for both hydrographs and pollutant loadings.

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“…Huber (1986) and Bedient and Huber (1988). Based on Huber (1986), single event simulation uses short simulation times (i.e. of a few hours), short time steps (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Discussions on continuous versus single event simulation have been presented by Linsley and Crawford (1974). Huber (1986) and Bedient and Huber (1988). Based on Huber (1986), single event simulation uses short simulation times (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Runoff quality prediction from small urban catchments using SWMM

Tsihrintzis

Hamid²

1998

Hydrol. Process.

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The physically-based simulation modelling procedures available for describing wash-off processes and for predicting runoff quality arising from urban surfaces have been discussed by Huber (1986). Most models use suspended solids as the primary indicator pollutant with the assumption that other pollutants, such as heavy metals and hydrocarbons are adsorbed to the particulate surfaces (Herngren et al, 2005;Sartor et al, 1974).…”

Section: Wash-off Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sources, impact and management of car park runoff pollution: A review

Revitt

Lundy

Coulon

et al. 2014

Journal of Environmental Management

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Traffic emissions contribute significantly to the build-up of diffuse pollution loads on urban surfaces with their subsequent mobilisation and direct discharge posing problems for receiving water quality. This review focuses on the impact and mitigation of solids, metals, nutrients and organic pollutants in the runoff deriving from car parks. Variabilities in the discharged pollutant levels and in the potentials for pollutant mitigation complicate an impact assessment of car park runoff. The different available stormwater best management practices and proprietary devices are reported to be capable of reductions of between 20% and almost 100% for both suspended solids and a range of metals. This review contributes to prioritising the treatment options which can achieve the appropriate pollutant reductions whilst conforming to the site requirements of a typical car park. By applying different treatment scenarios to the runoff from a hypothetical car park, it is shown that optimal performance, in terms of ecological benefits for the receiving water, can be achieved using a treatment train incorporating permeable paving and bioretention systems. The review identifies existing research gaps and emphasises the pertinent management practices as well as design issues which are relevant to the mitigation of car park pollution.

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“…Consequently, a consistent program of field sampling is important (Huber, 1986). Moreover, a field sampling program for stormwater quality is an expensive endeavour both in terms of the actual sampling and subsequent water quality analyses.…”

Section: Sampling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%